Child and Family Health in Subsidized Housing: A Randomized Experiment in NY City

补贴住房中的儿童和家庭健康：纽约市的随机实验

• 批准号: 8133150
• 负责人: JEANNE BROOKS-GUNN
• 金额: $ 41.69万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY TEACHERS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8133150
• 关键词: Absenteeism; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Anxiety; Asthma; Attitude; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Preservation; Caregivers; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child health care; Cities; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Crime; Cues; Data Collection; Development; Disadvantaged; Economics; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Family dynamics; Food; Gender; Health; Health Food; Health Status; Health behavior; Healthcare; Home environment; Household; Housing; Improve Access; Income; Individual; Institution; Interview; Life; Life Style; Literature; Location; Low income; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Perception; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Population Study; Poverty; Prevalence; Preventive; Process; Proxy; Psyche structure; Public Assistance; Public Health; Public Housing; Qualifying; Questionnaires; Randomized; Recording of previous events; Records; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Schools; Self Assessment; Self Efficacy; Self-Administered; Shapes; Site; Social Environment; Social Network; Source; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Time; Translations; Violence; Vulnerable Populations; Youth; after-school program; base; community living; comparative; contextual factors; cost; design; deviant; diet and exercise; distilled alcoholic beverage; follow-up; hazard; health disparity; improved; interest; knowledge base; physical conditioning; primary outcome; programs; public health relevance; research study; residence; response; social; success; treatment site; uptake; voucher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): From a public health perspective, moving to subsidized housing, to less poor neighborhoods, to housing developments with low rates of crime, or to more mixed income settings might reduce health disparities between children and families who have low income and those who do not. Children and young adolescents may be particularly influenced by housing given that they spend a large proportion of their time in their home neighborhood where the accessibility and quality of local amenities and institutions matter, and because they are influenced by their parents' responses to residential location. Receipt of in-place subsidized housing, the focus of our proposal, may help to improve the health and developmental trajectories of at-risk youth through multiple pathways. The proposed experimental research will utilize the NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development's lottery system to identify treatment and control households that fit our study criteria. Group assignment will include families with children who move to a subsidized apartment in one of eleven newly constructed housing sites (treatment) and matched families who do not receive housing (control). This proposal's design improves and expands upon the design of earlier housing experiments in that it (a) compares the impact of moving to a new neighborhood versus staying in the same neighborhood among recipients of subsidized housing, (b) compares the impact of moving into mixed-income versus solely low- income buildings, (c) examines the impact of subsidized housing on near-poor families (rather than just families below the poverty threshold), (d) examines the effect of subsidized housing where the uptake of the offer is 90% (rather than less than one-half in Moving to Opportunity), and (e) examines the effect of subsidized housing where the families are likely to stay in the subsidized housing (in Moving to Opportunity, over half of those who did move ended up moving again, typically back to poor neighborhoods). Our proposed data collection strategy will include baseline data collection at time of application for housing, using a self-administered questionnaire to be completed by the primary caregiver and augmented by information obtained from the housing application itself. Follow-up assessments will include in-person interviews with the primary caregiver and detailed information on up to two co-resident children for each participating household. Our follow-up information on children will be collected by proxy for children under age eight and in-person with children ages eight to eighteen. Experimental analyses will be used to quantify the impact of moving to subsidized housing and additional exploratory analyses will be conducted to investigate the potential benefits of housing relative to neighborhoods and assess evidence of differential impacts among those receiving particular types of subsidized housing. Relationships among household, housing, and neighborhood features will be examined as potential outcomes as well as mediators of individual-level health outcomes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The health of children and adults is influenced by the environments in which they live. Experimental research has shown that moving to new housing in particular kinds of neighborhoods may improve the life chances of poor families; however, previous research confounded housing- and neighborhood mobility and did not investigate the benefits of mixed-income housing developments. Our randomized experiment will address these shortcomings will NYC children and families who apply for in-place subsidized housing allocated through a housing lottery and test whether receipt of such housing improves the health and well-being of children and caregivers.

描述（由申请人提供）：从公共卫生的角度来看，搬到补贴住房，到不那么贫困的社区，到犯罪率低的住房开发区，或到更混合的收入环境，可能会减少低收入儿童和家庭之间的健康差距。儿童和青少年可能特别受到住房的影响，因为他们大部分时间都在自己的住宅区度过，当地设施和机构的可及性和质量很重要，而且他们受到父母对居住地点的反应的影响。我们建议的重点是获得就地补贴住房，这可能有助于通过多种途径改善高危青少年的健康和发展轨迹。拟议的实验研究将利用纽约市住房保护和发展部的彩票系统，以确定治疗和控制家庭，符合我们的研究标准。小组分配将包括在11个新建住房点之一的补贴公寓中有孩子的家庭（治疗）和没有获得住房的匹配家庭（对照）。该提案的设计改进并扩展了早期住房实验的设计，因为它（a）比较了补贴住房接受者搬到新社区与留在同一社区的影响，（B）比较了搬进混合收入与仅低收入建筑的影响，（c）研究资助房屋对接近贫穷家庭的影响（而不仅仅是贫困线以下的家庭），（d）研究资助房屋的成效，如资助房屋的申请人有90%接受资助，（而不是不到一半的机会），（e）研究补贴住房的影响，这些家庭可能会留在补贴住房中（在"向机会迁移"中，超过一半的搬家者最终会再次搬家，通常是回到贫困社区）。我们建议的数据收集策略将包括在申请住房时收集基线数据，使用由主要照顾者填写的自填问卷，并通过从住房申请本身获得的信息进行补充。后续评估将包括与主要照顾者的面谈，以及每个参与家庭最多两名共同居住儿童的详细信息。我们将通过代理人收集8岁以下儿童的后续信息，并亲自收集8至18岁儿童的后续信息。实验分析将用于量化搬到补贴住房的影响，并将进行额外的探索性分析，以调查住房相对于社区的潜在好处，并评估接受特定类型补贴住房的人之间的差异影响的证据。家庭，住房和邻里功能之间的关系将被检查作为潜在的结果，以及个人层面的健康结果的调解人。 公共卫生相关性：儿童和成人的健康受到他们生活环境的影响。实验研究表明，在特定类型的社区搬到新的住房可能会改善贫困家庭的生活机会;然而，以前的研究混淆了住房和社区的流动性，没有调查混合收入住房开发的好处。我们的随机实验将解决这些缺点，将纽约儿童和家庭申请通过住房彩票分配的就地补贴住房，并测试获得此类住房是否改善了儿童和照顾者的健康和福祉。