Relationships between air pollutants and asthma exacerbations in a birth cohort

出生队列中空气污染物与哮喘恶化之间的关系

• 批准号: 8141238
• 负责人: MATTHEW J. STRICKLAND
• 金额: $ 12.83万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-10 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8141238
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Asthma; Birth; Birth Records; Birth Weight; Bronchiolitis; Caliber; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Complex; Data; Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Gestational Age; Health Policy; Human Resources; Infant; Life; Life Experience; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Monitor; Particulate Matter; Physiological; Pollen; Predisposition; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Subgroup; Visit; base; cohort; in utero; innovation; metropolitan; novel; premature; two-dimensional

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In utero and early life experiences affect physiological development and can influence sensitivity to environmental factors throughout life. Data on early life risk factors, however, are typically not available to investigators who study associations between ambient air pollutant concentrations and pediatric asthma exacerbations. In the state of Georgia, birth records (1994-2007) have been linked with pediatric emergency department visits (2002-2007) by staff at the Georgia Department of Human Resources. This novel linkage between 1.8 million birth records and 5.5 million pediatric emergency department visits will be used to investigate whether children who were born premature or low birth weight are more sensitive to ambient air pollutant concentrations than their counterparts. If effect modification by gestational age or birth weight is observed, then these findings will help inform public health policy decisions, since protection of sensitive subgroups is central to EPA's mission as a regulatory agency. Further, within Metropolitan Atlanta, a research air quality monitoring station provides daily concentrations for a comprehensive suite of components of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter, a resource also not typically available to investigators. These measurements can be used to distinguish among the various compounds that comprise particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter, and the proposed study will be the first to investigate associations between these compounds and pediatric emergency department visits in a birth cohort. Complex interactions between ambient air pollutants and airborne pollens on pediatric asthma exacerbations will be investigated using an innovative modeling approach based on two- dimensional loess smoothers in the framework of generalized additive models. Ambient air pollutants are known to cause asthma exacerbations in children. To inform public health policy decisions it is important to know whether certain subgroups of asthmatic children have increased susceptibility to air pollutants, and the proposed study will be the first to investigate whether children who were born premature or low birth weight have an increased susceptibility to air pollution.

描述（由申请人提供）：子宫内和早期生活经历影响生理发育，并可能影响一生中对环境因素的敏感性。然而，研究环境空气污染物浓度与儿童哮喘急性发作之间关系的研究人员通常无法获得有关生命早期风险因素的数据。在格鲁吉亚州，格鲁吉亚人力资源部的工作人员将出生记录（1994 - 2007年）与儿科急诊科就诊（2002 - 2007年）联系起来。180万份出生记录和550万次儿科急诊就诊之间的这种新联系将被用来调查早产或低出生体重的儿童是否比同龄人对环境空气污染物浓度更敏感。如果观察到胎龄或出生体重的影响，那么这些发现将有助于为公共卫生政策决策提供信息，因为保护敏感亚群是EPA作为监管机构的使命的核心。此外，在亚特兰大市内，一个研究空气质量监测站提供了直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物成分的每日浓度，这是一种调查人员通常无法获得的资源。这些测量结果可用于区分包含直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物的各种化合物，并且拟议的研究将是第一个调查这些化合物与出生队列中儿科急诊室就诊之间的关联的研究。环境空气污染物和空气中的花粉对儿童哮喘急性发作之间的复杂相互作用将使用一种创新的建模方法进行研究，该方法基于广义加性模型框架中的二维黄土平滑器。 已知环境空气污染物会导致儿童哮喘恶化。为了告知公共卫生政策决策，重要的是要知道哮喘儿童的某些亚群是否对空气污染物的敏感性增加，拟议的研究将首次调查早产或低出生体重的儿童是否对空气污染的敏感性增加。