The study of efficacy and immune correlates to an inactivated H5N1 vaccine in non-human primates

在非人类灵长类动物中研究与灭活 H5N1 疫苗的功效和免疫相关性

• 批准号: MC_EX_G0700930
• 负责人: Xiao-Ning Xu
• 金额: $ 64.72万
• 依托单位: MRC Human Immunology Unit
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_EX_G0700930
• 关键词: study; efficacy; immune; correlates; inactivated

An effective vaccine would be the first choice for protection against future pandemic influenza infection. Hundreds of millions of vaccine doses would be required to prevent the first wave of the disease in a pandemic. However, because influenza virus can mutate quickly, one cannot predict exactly which strain of influenza virus will be next the pandemic virus. Therefore, a vaccine would not only have to be effective but would also have to be made in a very short period of time. Avian influenza viruses have the potential to initiate the next flu pandemics in humans. The current avian flu vaccine (H5N1) is poorly immunogenic in humans and has to be used at a 10-fold higher doses than the seasonal influenza vaccines and more than one immunization is needed to reach protective levels of antibody response. The amount of the vaccine required is therefore far beyond the present worldwide manufacturing capacity and current candidate vaccines may be too slow in stimulating protection. The simplest way to solve this problem would be to lower the dose and number of shots required for protection by increasing the immunogenicity of the vaccine. This research project aims to study how to enhance the immune responses to avian influenza vaccines in non-human primates as a model. The outcome of this study will help to develop an effective vaccine requiring a lower dose to protect against H5N1 infection.

有效的疫苗将是预防未来大流行性流感感染的首选。要预防大流行中的第一波疾病，需要数亿剂疫苗。然而，由于流感病毒可以迅速变异，人们无法准确预测哪种流感病毒株将成为下一个大流行病毒。因此，疫苗不仅必须有效，而且必须在很短的时间内制成。禽流感病毒有可能引发下一次人类流感大流行。目前的禽流感疫苗（H5N1）对人类的免疫原性很差，必须以比季节性流感疫苗高10倍的剂量使用，并且需要多次免疫才能达到抗体反应的保护水平。因此，所需疫苗的数量远远超出目前世界范围的生产能力，目前的候选疫苗在刺激保护方面可能过于缓慢。解决这个问题最简单的方法是通过增加疫苗的免疫原性来降低保护所需的剂量和注射次数。本研究以非人灵长类动物为模型，研究如何增强对禽流感疫苗的免疫应答。这项研究的结果将有助于开发一种有效的疫苗，需要较低的剂量，以防止H5N1感染。

项目成果

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a live attenuated H5N1 vaccine in nonhuman primates.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000409
• 发表时间: 2009-05
• 期刊: PLoS pathogens
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Fan S;Gao Y;Shinya K;Li CK;Li Y;Shi J;Jiang Y;Suo Y;Tong T;Zhong G;Song J;Zhang Y;Tian G;Guan Y;Xu XN;Bu Z;Kawaoka Y;Chen H
• 通讯作者: Chen H