Health Impacts of Toxic Combustion By-Products

描述（由申请人提供） 该计划解决了燃烧产生的有机污染物和颗粒的协同相互作用，增加了它们的化学和生物活性。方案目标包括：1）了解来源、形成机制、排放物性质、生物可用性和有毒燃烧副产品的生物活性之间的关系，以便：2）可以开发出改进的、健康效应设计的热处理技术; 3）可以就超级基金废物的现场处理与非现场处理以及热处理与非热处理方案做出基于风险的明智决策。该研究将重点关注四类污染物的来源和健康影响：1）燃烧产生的超细颗粒（UFP），2）持久性自由基（PFR），3）氯化烃（CHCs）和4）。溴化碳氢化合物（BHCs）。燃烧产生直径小于0.01微米的UFP或“纳米颗粒”，这与空气中PM2.5的健康影响有关。CHCs和BHC一直是超级基金场所最重要的关注化学品之一，已知其热降解会产生有毒副产品，包括多氯代和溴代二苯并二恶英和二苯并呋喃。研究人员将特别关注化学吸附的作用。CHCs和BHCs在UFP上形成表面稳定的PFR，可以在暴露的个体中产生氧化应激，并成为形成新污染物的关键中间体。PFR是一类新的污染物，可能是UFP对健康的一些影响的原因，在过去的三年里，它一直是该研究小组主要成员的独特研究课题。在这项提案中，一个由生物医学、生物学、化学和工程研究人员以及环境政策科学家组成的多学科小组将处理有毒空气污染物对人类健康的影响与危险废物的燃烧/热处理之间的联系。该计划是真正的跨学科，因为它有一个建立这种联系的性质的具体目标，因此将要求每个研究小组超越他们传统的狭窄研究静脉，并整合他们的理解。该计划包括三个生物医学项目，三个非生物医学项目，四个研究支持核心，一个行政核心，一个研究翻译核心，一个社区外展核心和一个培训核心。 行政核心 说明（申请人提供） 行政核心为该计划提供总体计划协调、管理、记录保存和预算管理功能。该中心的工作人员包括：1）项目主任，巴里德林格博士; 2）生物医学研究副主任，韦恩巴克斯博士; 3）行政助理主任，丹尼斯卢梭福特女士; 4）行政助理，蒂娜布莱克女士。此外，该计划的独立QA/QC和健康与安全官员Jerry Steward先生通过行政核心向Dellinger博士报告。研究者将提供以下管理和行政职能：提供整体项目协调和监督。协调生物医学研究项目，非生物医学研究项目，并通过主任和两名副主任支持核心。准备报告和其他书面沟通。监控项目费用并向赞助商提供报告。保留间接费用回报和成本分摊分配等内部财务记录。启动大学文书工作，如任命和人事表格。为内部和外部沟通提供一个集中的场所。将设立内部和外部咨询委员会，对方案进行管理和技术监督，并就关键问题向主任和共同主任提供咨询意见。已查明这些人，并收到了承诺书。每周一次的行政人员会议，每两周一次的项目/核心领导人会议，每月一次的研究研讨会/讨论将促进该计划的协调。路易斯安那州立大学致力于这一计划，证明了225.8美元从路易斯安那州立大学和资本设备购买和培训核心的运作。已安排Dellinger博士接受教学释放，使他能够将50%的时间用于该计划的技术和行政管理。此外，Dellinger博士已要求在该计划的第一年解除所有教学职责，以便能够全职工作，建立该计划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) This program addresses the synergistic interactions of combustion-generated organic pollutants and particles that increase their chemical and, biological activity. Program goals include: 1) understand the relationships between the origin, mechanisms of formation, nature of emissions; biological availability; and biological activity by toxic combustion by-products such that; 2) improved, health effects-engineered, thermal treatment technologies can be developed; and 3) intelligent risk-based decisions can be made concerning on-site versus off-site treatment and thermal versus non-thermal treatment options of Superfund Wastes. The research will focus on the origin and health impacts of four classes of pollutants: 1) combustion generated ultra-fine particles (UFPs), 2) persistent free radicals (PFRs), 3) chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), and 4). brominated hydrocarbons (BHCs). Combustion generates UFPs or "nanoparticies" with diameters less than.01microns which have been linked to the health impacts of airborne PM2.5. CHCs and BHCs consistently rank among the most significant chemicals of concern at Superfund sites, and their thermal degradation is known to create toxic by-products including polychlorinated and brominated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. The investigators will specifically focus on the role of chemisorption.of CHCs and BHCs on UFPs to form surface-stabilized PFRs that can generate oxidative stress in exposed individuals as well as be key intermediates in the formation of new pollutants. PFRs are a new class of pollutants that may be responsible for some of the observed health impacts of UFPs and have been the subject of unique research by key members of this research team for the past 3 years. In this proposal, a multidisciplinary team of biomedical, biological, chemical, and engineering researchers in addition to environmental policy scientists will address the links between human health impacts of toxic air pollutants and combustion/thermal processing of hazardous wastes. This Program is truly interdisciplinary as it has a specific goal of establishing the nature of this link, and as such will require each group of researchers to go beyond their traditionally narrow veins of research and to integrate their understanding. The Program consists of three biomedical projects, three non-biomedical projects, four research support cores, an administrative core, a research translation core, a community outreach core, and a training core. ADMINISTRATIVE CORE Description (provided by applicant) The Administrative Core provides the overall program co-ordination, management, record keeping, and budget administration functions for the program. The core is staffed by: 1) a Program Director, Dr. Barry Dellinger; 2) an Associate-Director for biomedical research, Dr. Wayne Backes, 3) an Assistant Director for administration, Ms. Denise Rousseau Ford, and 4) an administrative assistant, Ms. Tina Black. In addition, Mr. Jerry Steward, the independent QA/QC and Health & Safety Officer for the Program reports to Dr. Dellinger through the Administrative Core. The investigators will provide the following management and administrative functions: Provide overall program co-ordination and oversight. Co-ordinate the biomedical research projects, non-biomedical research projects, and support cores through the director and two co-directors. Prepare reports and other written communications. Monitor program expenses and provide reporting to the sponsor. Keep internal financial records such as overhead return and cost-sharing allocation. Initiate university paperwork such as appointments and personnel forms. Provide a centralized location for internal and external communication. Both internal and external advisory committees will be established to provide management and technical oversight of the Program as well as advice to the Director and co-Directors on critical issues. These individuals have been identified and letters of commitment have been received. Weekly administrative staff meetings, biweekly project/core leader meetings, and monthly research seminar/discussions will facilitate the coordination of the program. LSU is committed to this program as evidenced by $225.8 K from LSU and for capital equipment purchase and operation of the Training Core. Arrangements have been made for Dr. Dellinger to receive teaching release such that he can devote 50% of his time to technical and administrative management of this Program. In addition, Dr. Dellinger has requested release from all teaching duties in the first year of the program to be able to work full time on establishment of this Program.