Health Impacts of Toxic Combustion By-Products

有毒燃烧副产品对健康的影响

• 批准号: 7388560
• 负责人: BARRY DELLINGER
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7388560
• 关键词: Health; Impacts; Toxic; Combustion; Products

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) This program addresses the synergistic interactions of combustion-generated organic pollutants and particles that increase their chemical and, biological activity. Program goals include: 1) understand the relationships between the origin, mechanisms of formation, nature of emissions; biological availability; and biological activity by toxic combustion by-products such that; 2) improved, health effects-engineered, thermal treatment technologies can be developed; and 3) intelligent risk-based decisions can be made concerning on-site versus off-site treatment and thermal versus non-thermal treatment options of Superfund Wastes. The research will focus on the origin and health impacts of four classes of pollutants: 1) combustion generated ultra-fine particles (UFPs), 2) persistent free radicals (PFRs), 3) chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), and 4). brominated hydrocarbons (BHCs). Combustion generates UFPs or "nanoparticies" with diameters less than.01microns which have been linked to the health impacts of airborne PM2.5. CHCs and BHCs consistently rank among the most significant chemicals of concern at Superfund sites, and their thermal degradation is known to create toxic by-products including polychlorinated and brominated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. The investigators will specifically focus on the role of chemisorption.of CHCs and BHCs on UFPs to form surface-stabilized PFRs that can generate oxidative stress in exposed individuals as well as be key intermediates in the formation of new pollutants. PFRs are a new class of pollutants that may be responsible for some of the observed health impacts of UFPs and have been the subject of unique research by key members of this research team for the past 3 years. In this proposal, a multidisciplinary team of biomedical, biological, chemical, and engineering researchers in addition to environmental policy scientists will address the links between human health impacts of toxic air pollutants and combustion/thermal processing of hazardous wastes. This Program is truly interdisciplinary as it has a specific goal of establishing the nature of this link, and as such will require each group of researchers to go beyond their traditionally narrow veins of research and to integrate their understanding. The Program consists of three biomedical projects, three non-biomedical projects, four research support cores, an administrative core, a research translation core, a community outreach core, and a training core. ADMINISTRATIVE CORE Description (provided by applicant) The Administrative Core provides the overall program co-ordination, management, record keeping, and budget administration functions for the program. The core is staffed by: 1) a Program Director, Dr. Barry Dellinger; 2) an Associate-Director for biomedical research, Dr. Wayne Backes, 3) an Assistant Director for administration, Ms. Denise Rousseau Ford, and 4) an administrative assistant, Ms. Tina Black. In addition, Mr. Jerry Steward, the independent QA/QC and Health & Safety Officer for the Program reports to Dr. Dellinger through the Administrative Core. The investigators will provide the following management and administrative functions: Provide overall program co-ordination and oversight. Co-ordinate the biomedical research projects, non-biomedical research projects, and support cores through the director and two co-directors. Prepare reports and other written communications. Monitor program expenses and provide reporting to the sponsor. Keep internal financial records such as overhead return and cost-sharing allocation. Initiate university paperwork such as appointments and personnel forms. Provide a centralized location for internal and external communication. Both internal and external advisory committees will be established to provide management and technical oversight of the Program as well as advice to the Director and co-Directors on critical issues. These individuals have been identified and letters of commitment have been received. Weekly administrative staff meetings, biweekly project/core leader meetings, and monthly research seminar/discussions will facilitate the coordination of the program. LSU is committed to this program as evidenced by $225.8 K from LSU and for capital equipment purchase and operation of the Training Core. Arrangements have been made for Dr. Dellinger to receive teaching release such that he can devote 50% of his time to technical and administrative management of this Program. In addition, Dr. Dellinger has requested release from all teaching duties in the first year of the program to be able to work full time on establishment of this Program.

描述(由申请人提供) 该计划解决了燃烧产生的有机污染物和颗粒之间的协同作用，这些污染物和颗粒增加了它们的化学和生物活性。计划目标包括：1)了解有毒燃烧副产物的来源、形成机制、排放性质、生物可用性和生物活性之间的关系；2)改善健康影响--可以开发工程设计的热处理技术；3)可以就超级基金废物的现场处理与非现场处理以及热处理与非热处理选项做出基于风险的智能决策。研究将集中在四类污染物的来源和对健康的影响：1)燃烧产生的超细颗粒物(UFP)，2)持久性自由基(PFRs)，3)氯代烃(CHCs)，以及4)。溴化烃(BHC)。燃烧会产生直径小于0.01微米的超细颗粒或“纳米颗粒”，这与空气中PM2.5对健康的影响有关。六六六和六六六一直是超级基金所在地最值得关注的化学品之一，它们的热降解已知会产生有毒副产品，包括多氯化和溴化的二苯二恶英和二苯并呋喃。研究人员将特别关注CHCs和BHCs在UFP上的化学吸附作用，以形成表面稳定的PFRs，这种PFRs可以在暴露的个人中产生氧化应激，也是形成新污染物的关键中间体。全氟化碳是一种新的污染物，可能导致观察到的UFP对健康的一些影响，在过去三年里一直是该研究小组主要成员进行的独特研究的主题。在这项提案中，一个由生物医学、生物、化学和工程研究人员以及环境政策科学家组成的多学科团队将研究有毒空气污染物对人类健康的影响与危险废物的燃烧/热处理之间的联系。该计划真正是跨学科的，因为它有一个明确的目标，即确定这种联系的性质，因此将要求每一组研究人员超越他们传统上狭窄的研究脉络，整合他们的理解。该计划包括三个生物医学项目、三个非生物医学项目、四个研究支助核心、一个行政核心、一个研究翻译核心、一个社区推广核心和一个培训核心。 行政核心 描述(由申请人提供) 管理核心为计划提供整体计划协调、管理、记录保存和预算管理功能。该中心的成员包括：1)项目主任巴里·德林格博士；2)生物医学研究副主任韦恩·贝克斯博士；3)行政助理主任丹尼斯·卢梭·福特女士；以及4)行政助理蒂娜·布莱克女士。此外，该计划的独立QA/QC和健康与安全官员曾傑瑞先生通过管理核心向Dellinger博士汇报工作。调查员将提供以下管理和行政职能：提供总体方案协调和监督。通过主任和两名联席主任统筹生物医学研究项目、非生物医学研究项目和支持核心。准备报告和其他书面交流。监控项目费用，并向赞助商提供报告。保存内部财务记录，如间接费用返还和成本分摊。启动大学文书工作，如任命和人事表格。为内部和外部通信提供一个集中的位置。将设立内部和外部咨询委员会，以提供对方案的管理和技术监督，并就关键问题向主任和联席主任提供建议。已经查明了这些人的身份，并收到了承诺书。每周一次的行政工作人员会议、每两周一次的项目/核心领导会议和每月一次的研究研讨会/讨论将促进方案的协调。路易斯安那州立大学致力于这一计划，从路易斯安那州立大学获得的225.8 K美元以及用于资本设备采购和培训核心运营的资金就是明证。已安排德林格博士接受教学释放，以便他可以将50%的时间用于本项目的技术和行政管理。此外，德林格博士要求在该项目的第一年免除所有教学职责，以便能够全职从事该项目的建立工作。