Health Impacts of Toxic Combustion By-Products

有毒燃烧副产品对健康的影响

• 批准号: 8213946
• 负责人: BARRY DELLINGER
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8213946
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollutants; Biological; Biological Availability; Biological Effect of Chemicals; Burn injury; Caliber; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemical Engineering; Chemicals; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Chronic lung disease; Communities; Community Outreach; Contracts; Development; Dioxins; Disease; Engineering; Environmental Policy; Exposure to; Free Radicals; Gene Proteins; Goals; Government; Hazardous Waste; Health; Human; Hurricane; Hydrocarbons; Individual; Lead; Link; Lung diseases; Mediating; Medical; Nature; Oxidative Stress; Particulate Matter; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Risk; Role; Scientist; Site; Superfund; Surface; Technology; Training; Translational Research; Ultrafine; Veins; base; cell injury; dibenzofuran; improved; member; multidisciplinary; neonatal exposure; next generation; outreach; particle; pollutant; prevent; programs; superfund site; therapy development; treatment site; wasting

This program addresses the synergistic interactions of combustion-generated organic pollutants and particles that increase their chemical and, biological activity. Program goals include: 1) understand the relationships'.between'the. origin, mechanisms of formation, nature of emissions; biological availability; and biological activitybttoxic combustion by-products such that; 2) improved, health effects-engineered, thermal treatment technologies can be developed; and 3) intelligent fisk^based decisions can be made concerning on-site versus offsite treatment and thermal versus non-thermal treatment options of Superfund Wastes. Our research will focus on the origin and health impacts of four classes of pollutants: 1) combustiongenerated ultra-fine particles (UFPs), 2) persistent free radicals (PFRs), 3) chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHQs), and 4). brorninated hydrocarbons (BHGs). Combustion generates UFPs or "nanoparticies" with diameters less than?0i1:rnicrcons-.whieh;have7been linked to:the'health impacts, of airborne PM2.5.1 OHCs and;BHCs consistently rankamong the most significant chemicals of concern at Superfund sites, and their thermal degradation is known to create toxic by-products including polychlorinated and brorninated dibenzcp-dioxins and dibenzofurans. We will specifically focus on the role of chemisorption.of CHCs and BHCs on UFPs to form surface-stabilized PFRs that can generate oxidative stress in exposed individuals as well as be key intermediates in the formation of new pollutants. PFRs are a new class of pollutants that may be responsible for some of the observed health impacts of UFPs and has been the subject of unique research by key members of our research team for the past 3 years. In this proposal, a multidisciplinary team of biomedical, biological, chemical, and engineering researchers in addition to environmental policy scientists will address the lihksvbetween human health impacts of toxic; air pollutants and combustion/thermal processing of hazardous wastes., this program is truly interdisciplinary as!it has a specific goal of establishing the nature of this link, and as such will require each group of researchers to go beyond their traditionally narrow veins of research and to integrate their understanding. The program consists of: three biomedical projects, three non-biomedical projects, four research support cores, an administrative core, a research translation core, a community outreach core, and a training core.

该计划解决了燃烧产生的有机污染物和颗粒的协同相互作用，增加了它们的化学和生物活性。计划目标包括：1）了解之间的关系。来源、形成机制、排放物的性质;生物可用性;和生物活性有毒燃烧副产品，以便：2）可以开发改进的、健康影响工程化的热处理技术;和3）可以做出关于以下方面的基于智能的菲斯克的决策： 超级基金废物的就地处理与非就地处理以及热处理与非热处理方案。 我们的研究将集中在四类污染物的来源和健康影响：1）燃烧产生的超细颗粒（UFP），2）持久性自由基（PFR），3）氯化烃（CHQs），和4）。溴化烃（BHGs）。燃烧产生的UFP或“纳米颗粒”的直径小于？0i1：rnicrcons-. which; had 7 linked to：the'health impacts，of airborne PM2.5.1 OHC 和; BHC一直是超级基金场所最重要的关注化学品之一，已知其热降解会产生有毒副产品，包括多氯代和溴代二苯并二恶英和二苯并呋喃。我们将特别关注化学吸附的作用。CHCs和BHC在UFP上形成表面稳定的PFR，可以在暴露个体中产生氧化应激， 形成新污染物的关键中间体。PFR是一类新的污染物，可能是UFP对健康的一些影响的原因，在过去的3年里，它一直是我们研究团队主要成员的独特研究课题。在这项建议中，一个由生物医学、生物学、化学和工程研究人员以及环境政策科学家组成的跨学科小组，将研究有毒物质、空气污染物和燃烧/热对人类健康的影响之间的关系。 危险废物的处理，这个项目是真正的跨学科的！它有一个确定这种联系的性质的具体目标，因此将要求每一组研究人员超越其传统上狭窄的研究范围，将他们的理解结合起来。该方案包括：三个生物医学项目，三个非生物医学项目，四个研究支持核心，一个行政核心，一个研究翻译核心，一个社区外展核心和一个培训核心。