Stochastic dynamics, inflationary effects & predator-prey metapopulations

随机动力学、通货膨胀效应

• 批准号: NE/F010095/1
• 负责人: Michael Bonsall
• 金额: $ 4.26万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF010095%2F1
• 关键词: Stochastic; dynamics; inflationary; effects; predator

Appreciating how the numbers and distribution of a species change is of fundamental importance to our understanding of the biosphere. These changes in populations can occur at a local, very small scale or at larger scales such as regions. It remains unclear how the ecological factors (e.g. predation) alter as this spatial scale changes. One approach in answering this question is to use experimental microcosms: small groups of species that interact in controlled environments to test and explore ideas, and make predictions in community ecology. Combining our microcosm experiments with mathematical modelling allows a broader perspective to be used in tackling these sorts of research questions. The primary aim of this research work is to understanding how predator and prey numbers change as we consider more about the habitat (space) in which they occupy. Using insects and their predators (parasitic wasps), we will make landscapes in which predators and prey are allowed to move and interact. We will monitor the consequences of these interactions in terms of changes in numbers of each species. It is equally important to know what the consequences of different environments or changes in the environment are for ecological interactions. For example, how are predator-prey interactions affected by different environments? What happens to the distribution and numbers of a species if these environments change and are unpredictable? Exploring how these external, environmental processes couple with spatial scale affect species interactions is the second aim of our work. Conducting a study on different species interactions at different scales in unpredictable environmental regimes will provide us with information about how populations response to space and unpredictability. By coupling this work with mathematical modelling, we will gain important insights into a broad class of processes that affect the persistence and abundance of biodiversity. Our curiosity-driven project will provide a proof of concept of a number of testable aims and objectives. This study relates to a number of areas supported by the NERC, particularly those associated with understanding fundamental processes in ecosystems that affect the preservation of biodiversity

了解一个物种的数量和分布是如何变化的，对于我们理解生物圈是至关重要的。人口的这些变化可能发生在局部很小的范围内，也可能发生在较大的范围内，如区域。目前尚不清楚生态因子（如捕食）如何随着空间尺度的变化而变化。回答这个问题的一种方法是使用实验微观世界：在受控环境中相互作用的小种群物种来测试和探索想法，并在群落生态学中做出预测。将我们的微观实验与数学建模相结合，可以在解决这类研究问题时使用更广阔的视角。这项研究工作的主要目的是了解当我们更多地考虑它们所占据的栖息地（空间）时，捕食者和猎物数量是如何变化的。利用昆虫和它们的捕食者（寄生蜂），我们将创造出捕食者和猎物可以移动和互动的景观。我们将根据每个物种数量的变化来监测这些相互作用的后果。了解不同环境或环境变化对生态相互作用的影响同样重要。例如，捕食者-猎物的相互作用如何受到不同环境的影响？如果这些环境发生变化且不可预测，物种的分布和数量会发生什么变化？探索这些外部环境过程如何与空间尺度耦合影响物种相互作用是我们工作的第二个目标。在不可预测的环境条件下，对不同物种在不同尺度上的相互作用进行研究，将为我们提供有关种群如何对空间和不可预测性作出反应的信息。通过将这项工作与数学建模相结合，我们将对影响生物多样性的持久性和丰富性的广泛过程获得重要的见解。我们的好奇心驱动的项目将提供一系列可测试的目的和目标的概念证明。这项研究涉及NERC支持的若干领域，特别是与了解影响生物多样性保护的生态系统基本过程有关的领域

项目成果

Predators reduce extinction risk in noisy metapopulations.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011635
• 发表时间: 2010-07-21
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Bull JC;Bonsall MB
• 通讯作者: Bonsall MB

Regional and local scale metapopulation dynamics in the interaction between Callosobruchus maculatus and Anisopteromalus calandrae

Callosbruchus maculatus 和 Anisopteromalus calandrae 之间相互作用的区域和局部规模的集合种群动态

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18275.x
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Oikos
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Strevens C