Project 5: Nanothecnology-Based Environmental Sensing

仍然迫切需要 改进检测和量化现有或现有化学品中发现的有毒和/或危险化学物质的方法， 潜在的超级基金网站。更好的分析技术可以降低监测成本，帮助改善 补救方法，更准确地评估与有害和有毒物质相关的健康风险 物种我们已经开发出生产新型纳米颗粒、阵列和结构的方法， 用于化学分析，并在这里提出了几种方法，结合联合收割机进化的方法， 超级基金的特征描述和监测需求。它们通过使用小规模的属性而联系在一起 开发更快、更简单、更小和/或更便宜的新方法。关于技术 我们将关注的是，最终可能会导致一些基于纳米的设备，这些设备是便携式的， 坚固耐用，可用于商业设施或现场环境监测。我们 具体目标是：1.开发用于测量化学物质的低成本传感器和传感器阵列， 砷和汞，利用纳米粒子的特性，可以探测光学和电子。2. 开发通过探测识别生物分子（生物修复中使用的特定抗体/抗原）的方法 利用电子隧穿形成的独特的局部电子结构。3.调查新制造的 用于分子检测的纳米结构材料，包括诸如碳纳米管和 包覆的纳米颗粒。本论文的研究目标分为四个方面：重金属的气相检测 纳米颗粒复合物激光裂解光谱法，汞检测与金 纳米颗粒、砷物种的表面增强拉曼光谱检测以及 使用电子细胞分型的生物修复生物。 这个项目将调查使用不同的，有时是独特的行为材料作为他们的大小 缩小到100纳米以下，以开发新的方法来检测现有或 潜在的超级基金网站。新的传感器可以降低监控成本，帮助改善补救措施 方法，并更准确地评估与危险和有毒物种有关的健康风险。

There remains a compelling need for improved ways to detect and quantify toxic and/or hazardous chemical species found at existing or potential Superfund sites. Better analytical techniques could reduce the cost of monitoring, help improve remediation methods, and more accurately assess the health risks associated with hazardous and toxic species. We have developed methods to produce novel nanoparticles, arrays, and structures that could be used for chemical analysis, and propose here several approaches that combine evolving methods with the characterization and monitoring needs of Superfund. They are linked by their use of small scale properties to develop new methods that should be faster, easier, smaller, and/or less expensive. The technologies on which we will focus could ultimately lead to a number of nanometer-based devices which are portable and robust, and which can be employed at commercial facilities or in-the-field for environmental monitoring. Our specific aims are to : 1. Develop low-cost sensors and sensor arrays for measuring chemical species such as arsenic and mercury using nanoparticle properties that can be probed optically and electronically. 2. Develop methods to identify biomolecules (specific antibodies/antigens used in bioremediation) by probing their unique local electronic structure using electron tunneling. 3. Investigate the use of new manufactured nanostructured materials for molecular detection, including structures such as carbon nanotubes and coated nanoparticles. The aims are divided into four tasks: Gas Phase Detection of Heavy Metals Using Nanoparticle Complexes with Laser Fragmentation Spectroscopy, Mercury Detection with Gold Nanoparticles, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Arsenic Species, and the Detection of Bioremediation Organisms using Electronic Cell Typing. This project will investigate using the different and sometimes unique behavior of materials as their size shrink below 100 nm to develop new methods to detect chemical and biological species found at existing or potential Superfund sites. New sensors could reduce the cost of monitoring, help improve remediation methods, and more accurately assess the health risks associated with hazardous and toxic species.