CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF BLASTOCYST DEVELOPMENT

囊胚发育的细胞和分子机制

• 批准号: 7960454
• 负责人: VERNADETH B ALARCON
• 金额: $ 24.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7960454
• 关键词: Affect; Biogenesis; Cell Polarity; Cells; Centers of Research Excellence; Choriocarcinoma; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Development; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Experimental Models; Fertilization; Fetus; Foundations; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Grant; Growth; Health; Human; Infertility; Inner Cell Mass; Institutes; Institution; Lead; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant Neoplasms; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; Mus; Placenta; Population; Pregnancy; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Source; Structure; Teratocarcinoma; Testing; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Uterus; blastocyst; blastomere structure; cell type; embryonic stem cell; implantation; reproductive

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The first crucial step of mammalian embryo development after fertilization is to generate two types of cell populations, known as trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM). TE engages in the attachment with the mother's uterus for implantation and placenta formation, whereas ICM serves as embryonic stem cells to produce all the tissues in the fetus. Thus, both TE and ICM need to be created correctly during embryo development to achieve successful pregnancy and the growth of a healthy fetus. Genetic and environmental factors are likely to affect these processes, which may lead to various reproductive problems, such as infertility and pregnancy-related malignant cancers like choriocarcinoma and teratocarcinoma. However, how TE and ICM are created during embryo development is still not well-understood. The purpose of the project is to elucidate the genetic and molecular mechanisms that generate these two cell populations. The studies will be conducted mainly with mouse embryos as an experimental model, but the obtained information will also be assessed in human embryos. Specifically, we will test the roles of cell polarity regulators, known as Par genes, in the formation of TE and ICM. The hypothesis is that Par genes first establish polarized structures within each embryonic cell, which then serves as the spatial foundation to generate two different types of cell populations within an embryo. The study will reveal the function of Par genes in the formation of TE and ICM, and will also add to our understanding of human health issues on reproductive problems.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 受精后哺乳动物胚胎发育的第一个关键步骤是产生两种类型的细胞群，称为滋养外胚层（TE）和内细胞团（ICM）。 TE参与与母亲子宫的附着，用于植入和胎盘形成，而ICM作为胚胎干细胞产生胎儿的所有组织。 因此，TE和ICM都需要在胚胎发育过程中正确创建，以实现成功妊娠和健康胎儿的生长。 遗传和环境因素可能会影响这些过程，这可能导致各种生殖问题，如不孕症和与妊娠有关的恶性癌症，如绒毛膜癌和畸胎癌。 然而，TE和ICM在胚胎发育过程中是如何产生的仍然没有很好的理解。 该项目的目的是阐明产生这两种细胞群的遗传和分子机制。 这些研究将主要以小鼠胚胎作为实验模型进行，但所获得的信息也将在人类胚胎中进行评估。 具体来说，我们将测试的作用，细胞极性调节，被称为Par基因，在TE和ICM的形成。 该假说认为，Par基因首先在每个胚胎细胞内建立极化结构，然后作为空间基础在胚胎内产生两种不同类型的细胞群。 这项研究将揭示Par基因在TE和ICM形成中的功能，也将增加我们对人类生殖健康问题的理解。