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Factors Contributing To Immune-Enhanced Disease In The Pathogenesis of RSV

RSV 发病机制中导致免疫增强性疾病的因素

基本信息

批准号：
7964834
负责人：
Barney Graham
金额：
$ 100.68万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7964834
关键词：
Adjuvant Adult Animal Model CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes CD8B1 gene Cell Maturation Cell physiology Child Childhood Asthma Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes Dendritic Cells Development Disease Exposure to Glycoproteins Hospitalization Immune Immune response Immunity Immunization Infection Integration Host Factors Interleukin-4 Neonatal Pathogenesis Recording of previous events Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus RSV G glycoprotein Respiratory syncytial virus RSV proteins Structure T-Lymphocyte Vaccinated Vaccine Therapy Vaccines Viral Virus Virus Activation Virus Diseases aluminum sulfate design eosinophil experience glycoprotein G human subject killings mouse model research study response vaccine development vector virus pathogenesis

项目摘要

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of respiratory infection in young children, causing >120,000 hospitalizations in the US annually. RSV vaccine development has been hampered by the history of a failed vaccine trial in the early 1960s in which vaccinated children were not protected against subsequent natural infection but rather experienced more severe disease. Subsequent experiments in animal models and human subjects suggest the occurrence of severe RSV disease correlates with the induction of virus-specific Th2 CD4+ T cells and eosinophil recruitment and degranulation. The putative attachment G glycoprotein of RSV and killed virus vaccines containing adjuvants such as alum are particularly effective in inducing such disease-enhancing immune responses. The purposes of these studies are 1) to define the precise components of RSV immunity that predispose for severe RSV disease upon subsequent exposure to the virus, 2) to determine how the structure of RSV contributes to disease, and 3) with this better understanding of RSV pathogenesis, to rationally design RSV vaccines that protect against infection without enhancing disease.

呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染是幼儿呼吸道感染的主要原因，在美国每年造成120万人住院。20世纪60年代早期的一次失败的疫苗试验阻碍了RSV疫苗的发展，在那次试验中，接种了疫苗的儿童没有受到保护，无法抵御随后的自然感染，而是经历了更严重的疾病。随后在动物模型和人类受试者中进行的实验表明，严重RSV疾病的发生与病毒特异性Th2 CD4+ T细胞的诱导和嗜酸性粒细胞的募集和脱颗粒有关。假定RSV的附着G糖蛋白和含有明矾等佐剂的灭活病毒疫苗在诱导这种增强疾病的免疫反应方面特别有效。这些研究的目的是：1)确定暴露于RSV病毒后易导致严重RSV疾病的RSV免疫的精确成分；2)确定RSV的结构如何导致疾病；3)更好地了解RSV的发病机制，合理设计RSV疫苗，防止感染而不加重疾病。