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Associative Mechanisms of Spatial Cognition

空间认知的联想机制

基本信息

批准号：
8098735
负责人：
AARON Paul BLAISDELL
金额：
$ 25.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-06-01 至 2013-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although there is a large body of literature about the use of spatial maps, very little is known about the acquisition processes involved in building spatial maps. This project explores the mechanisms underlying the acquisition and expression of spatial maps. Spatial maps are internal allocentric representations of Euclidean space that encode the metric properties of objects and their spatial relationships to each other and the surrounding framework. We will use operant conditioning tasks on the touch screen and in an automated open field, both procedures which were developed in our lab to study spatial acquisition processes in pigeons. The experiments are theoretically motivated by the hypothesis that associative acquisition processes serves as the mechanism for the encoding and expression of spatial relationships. This hypothesis has received strong support during the prior period of funding. In particular, we have found that the encoding of the spatial map between a landmark and a hidden goal obeys the rules of associative acquisition. Furthermore, higher-order associative conditioning plays an important role in the integration of maps among a set of landmarks and goals. This research has important implications for certain disorders that exhibit different types of impairments in spatial cognition. Parkinson's disease patients, for example, have difficulty integrating spatial and temporal sequences of events which leads to impairments in planned, organized behavior. Patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, on the other hand, show a selective impairment in tasks that utilize allocentric representations of space. Patients with Huntington's disease show a third type of spatial deficit - impaired object-location memory. We hope to use the proposed pigeon procedures to disentangle and define these different aspects of spatial cognition, which could lead to a better characterization of these behavioral deficits. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research has important implications for disorders that exhibit different types of impairments in spatial cognition. Parkinson's disease patients, for example, show deficits in spatially organized behavior, while Alzheimer's disease patients have difficulty utilizing mental maps of space, and patients with Huntington's disease show impairments of object-location memory. The proposed research will help disentangle and define these different aspects of spatial cognition, which could help us to better understand these behavioral deficits.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管有大量关于空间图使用的文献，但对构建空间图所涉及的采集过程知之甚少。这个项目探讨了空间地图的获取和表达的机制。空间地图是欧几里德空间的内部非中心表示，它编码了对象的度量属性及其彼此之间和周围框架的空间关系。我们将使用操作性条件反射任务的触摸屏上，并在一个自动化的开放领域，这两个程序是在我们的实验室开发的研究空间获取过程中的鸽子。理论上，这些实验的动机是假设联想习得过程是空间关系编码和表达的机制。这一假设在上一个供资期间得到了有力的支持。特别是，我们已经发现，一个地标和一个隐藏的目标之间的空间映射的编码遵守关联收购的规则。此外，高阶联想条件反射在一组地标和目标之间的地图整合中起着重要作用。这项研究对某些表现出不同类型空间认知障碍的疾病具有重要意义。例如，帕金森病患者难以整合事件的空间和时间序列，这导致计划的有组织行为的损害。另一方面，患有阿尔茨海默病的患者在利用空间的非中心表征的任务中表现出选择性障碍。患有亨廷顿氏病的患者表现出第三种类型的空间缺陷--物体位置记忆受损。我们希望使用所提出的鸽子程序来解开和定义空间认知的这些不同方面，这可能会导致这些行为缺陷的更好的表征。公共卫生相关性：这项研究对表现出不同类型空间认知障碍的疾病具有重要意义。例如，帕金森病患者在空间组织行为方面表现出缺陷，而阿尔茨海默病患者难以利用空间的心理地图，而亨廷顿病患者表现出物体位置记忆的损伤。拟议的研究将有助于解开和定义空间认知的这些不同方面，这可以帮助我们更好地理解这些行为缺陷。