Building Capacity of Tobacco Cessation in India & Indonesia

说明（由申请人提供）：戒烟是印度和印度尼西亚等低收入和中低收入国家尚未解决的全球卫生优先事项。从国际卫生中收集到的一个重要教训是，在西方国家证明有效的干预措施不能简单地输出到发展中国家，而不进行重大的文化适应。迫切需要进行研究，以找到在当地促进戒烟的最有效手段。要使公众注意到烟草使用的危害和戒烟的必要性，第一步是让医学界参与戒烟工作。众所周知，在一般人群的烟草使用下降之前，卫生保健提供者必须站在戒烟工作的最前线。要做到这一点，他们必须自己戒烟，定期询问患者烟草使用情况，并建议他们戒烟。目前，在印度和印度尼西亚，医生很少参与戒烟工作。根据国际戒烟项目（在以前的福格蒂倡议下）四年的经验，拟议的项目分为四个步骤，在印度和印度尼西亚培养一批戒烟研究人员，利用当地医学院作为卫生保健界和整个社区研究活动的中心。医学院将成为招募和培训戒烟研究人员的中心，以及实施试点研究和动员地方戒烟研究网络的场所。该项目的具体目标是：(1)通过在印度和印度尼西亚的医学院传播示范烟草教育课程，提高对烟草使用风险和戒烟重要性的认识；(2)招募和培训烟草研究人员，同时在每个国家的九所医学院推行烟草教育；(3)让伙伴医学院参与与烟草有关的社区研究试点研究；(4)通过在将开展项目活动的六个州（每个国家三个）建立戒烟研究网络，在两国建立与烟草有关的研究能力。在过去四年中发展起来的印度和印度尼西亚的QTI戒烟研究中心已开始参与其所在的社区。国内的研究人员已经获得了技能和信心，可以在这两个文化多样化的国家采取下一步行动，在他们的机构之外建设研究能力。拟议的项目将利用在QTI期间吸取的经验教训，并为培训下一代当地烟草研究人员提供基础设施，以应对在其本国戒烟的挑战。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco cessation is a global health priority not yet addressed in low and low-middle income countries such as India and Indonesia. An important lesson gleaned from international health is that interventions proven effective in western countries cannot simply be exported to developing nations without significant cultural adaptation. Research is urgently needed to find the most effective means of promoting cessation in local contexts. A first step in gaining public attention about the harm of tobacco use and the need for cessation is to involve the medical community in tobacco cessation efforts. It has been well established that before tobacco use declines in the general population, health care providers must be at the forefront of tobacco cessation efforts. To do so, they must quit tobacco use themselves, routinely ask patients about tobacco use, and advise them to quit. At present, there is little involvement of physicians in tobacco cessation efforts in India and Indonesia. Based on four years of experience during Project Quit Tobacco International (QTI) (under the previous Fogarty initiative), the proposed project unfolds as a four-step process to develop a cohort of tobacco cessation researchers in India and Indonesia, using local medical schools as a hub for research activities in both the health care community and the community at large. Medical schools will become centers for recruiting and training tobacco cessation researchers as well as sites for implementing pilot studies and mobilizing local tobacco cessation research networks. The specific objectives of the project are to (1) increase knowledge about the risks of tobacco use and the importance of cessation through dissemination of a model tobacco education curriculum for medical schools in India and Indonesia; (2) recruit and train tobacco researchers concurrently with introducing tobacco education in nine medical schools in each country; (3) involve partner medical schools in tobacco cessation-related community-based research pilot studies, and (4) build capacity in tobacco-related research in both countries by creating tobacco cessation research networks in the six states (three in each country) where project activities will take place. Developed over the past four years, the QTI tobacco cessation research centers in India and Indonesia have begun to engage the communities in which they are located. In-country researchers have gained the skills and confidence to take the next step toward building research capacity beyond their institutions in these two culturally diverse nations. The proposed project will leverage lessons learned during QTI and provide an infrastructure for training a next generation of local tobacco researchers to meet the challenges of tobacco cessation within their own countries.