Accelerating gas capture and conversion in aqueous systems

加速水系统中的气体捕获和转化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05398
• 负责人: Khan, Sami
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743807
• 关键词: Accelerating; gas; capture; conversion; aqueous

Capturing and solubilizing gases from dilute gaseous mixtures is a pressing technological need. As increasing greenhouse gas concentrations magnify the severity of extreme weather events such as floods, direct air capture is becoming increasingly important. Traditional methods for gas capture (gas scrubbers) are becoming obsolete given the energy requirements. New methods are urgently needed to accelerate gas-liquid mass transfer. This research program will study fundamental physico-chemical interactions at interfaces to accelerate retention and conversion of gases in aqueous systems. This novel approach will investigate triple solid-liquid-gas boundaries through the decimation of bulky gas volumes into thin gas sheets held stably between a microtextured solid and an absorbing aqueous solution like potassium hydroxide. By creating these thin, stable gas sheets over large areas, two interfaces will be created - gas-solid and gas-liquid interfaces that can be systematically studied for enhancing mass transfer. These thin sheets require a combination of advances in materials (solids with manipulatable advancing and receding contact angles) as well as advances in interfacial texture engineering (micro and nano textures that can hold stable gas films over areas exceeding 5 cm2). Like a paper towel hastening the evaporation of water, gas mass transfer will be significantly enhanced by using thin sheets that have been precisely designed using a framework that incorporates timescales and length-scales of interfacial interactions. The embodiment of thin gas films, while good for scientific study, can be scaled up to continuous processing. A key property is "pinning" where the gas-liquid interface is arrested on the solid. Zooming in to the micron length scales, the first question that will be answered is the stability of the layer as a function of surface microtexture parameters. In the surface chemistry regime (molecular length-scales), rare-earth ceramics will be studied. These have been shown to have large variations in contact angle hysteresis which offers knobs to control the shape of the gas-liquid interface and arrest the interface which is key to advance these systems. Advancing and receding contact angles, which hold key to pinning interfaces, are of particular interest. With thin sheets that can be rapidly solubilized, this research program aims to have the widest impact in direct capture of CO2 from air. Knowledge from this research program can also be applied to scrubbing sour gases such as H2S and SO2 from flue gas emissions. Canadian industries such as oil and gas, food processing, cosmetics, and transportation will strongly benefit from these technological advancements. This research program will also train several HQP with the skills to respond to the growing climate urgency.

从稀释的气体混合物中捕获和溶解气体是迫切的技术需求。随着温室气体浓度的增加，洪水等极端天气事件的严重性加剧，直接空气捕获变得越来越重要。考虑到能源需求，传统的气体捕获方法（气体洗涤器）正在变得过时。迫切需要新的方法来加速气液传质。该研究计划将研究界面处的基本物理化学相互作用，以加速气体在含水系统中的保留和转化。这种新的方法将调查三重固-液-气边界，通过大量的气体体积到薄的气体片之间的微观结构的固体和吸收水溶液，如氢氧化钾之间保持稳定的抽取。通过在大面积上产生这些薄而稳定的气体片，将产生两个界面-气-固和气-液界面，可以系统地研究它们以增强传质。这些薄片需要材料的进步（具有可操纵的前进和后退接触角的固体）以及界面纹理工程的进步（可以在超过5 cm 2的面积上保持稳定的气膜的微米和纳米纹理）的组合。就像纸巾加速水的蒸发一样，气体传质将通过使用薄片来显著增强，所述薄片已经使用结合界面相互作用的时间尺度和长度尺度的框架来精确设计。薄气体膜的实施例虽然有利于科学研究，但可以按比例扩大到连续处理。一个关键的性质是“钉扎”，其中气-液界面被阻止在固体上。放大到微米尺度，首先要回答的问题是作为表面微观结构参数的函数的层的稳定性。在表面化学制度（分子长度尺度），稀土陶瓷将进行研究。这些已经显示出在接触角滞后方面具有大的变化，这提供了旋钮来控制气-液界面的形状并阻止界面，这是推进这些系统的关键。前进和后退的接触角，持有关键钉扎接口，是特别感兴趣的。利用可以快速溶解的薄片，该研究计划旨在直接从空气中捕获二氧化碳产生最广泛的影响。该研究项目的知识也可应用于洗涤烟气排放物中的酸性气体，如H2S和SO2。加拿大的石油和天然气、食品加工、化妆品和运输等行业将从这些技术进步中受益匪浅。该研究计划还将培训几名HQP，以应对日益增长的气候紧迫性。