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Magnetic metal-organic framework composites for pollutant gas capture

用于污染物气体捕获的磁性金属有机骨架复合材料

基本信息

批准号：
2284983
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Nottingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2284983
关键词：
Magnetic metal organic framework composites

项目摘要

Since the industrial revolution, a sharp increase in atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) has been observed from the typical 180-280 ppm to over 400 ppm. This has strongly negative implications for the environment and society, likely resulting in 250,000 additional deaths worldwide annually between 2030 and 2050.The largest contributor to global anthropogenic CO2 emissions is coal-fired power plants (10.1 Gt in 2018, 30% of total emissions). Post-combustion CO2 capture facilities can be retrofitted into existing power stations. However, the current aqueous amine absorption technologies for this process have high energy requirements for separation and purification, increasing a power plant's energy demand by 25-40% or electricity cost by $0.06 per KWh.Alternatives have been investigated such as physical absorbents, membranes, chemical looping and solid adsorbents, e.g. porous carbons, zeolites, alumina and metal-organic frameworks. Of these, solid adsorbents possess many advantages over other technologies such as a reduced energy for regeneration from physisorption and greater capacity and selectivity for CO2. Metal-organic frameworks are porous lattices of metal ions/clusters with organic linkers and are of particular interest due to their tuneable natures and high porosities and internal surface areas. These can result in excellent CO2 adsorption profiles, optimisable for specific flue gas conditions.Proposed solution and methodologyEvaluating metal-organic frameworks for carbon capture applications in realistic working conditions, with consideration of industrial process design is of vital importance for their successful utilisation. This requires materials with high thermal and chemical stabilities and the development of energy-efficient processes. Magnetic framework composites contain metal-organic frameworks combined with magnetic materials and show many advantages over other materials (for example, enhanced thermal stability, simple magnetic-field induced separation, energy-efficient localised induction heating for framework synthesis or regeneration and magnetic field assisted fluidisation).This project aims to develop novel magnetic framework composites (consisting of functionalised magnetic materials and state-of-the-art metal-organic frameworks) for CO2 capture with profiles and processing capabilities for post-combustion flue gas. Scalable and sustainable syntheses will be explored for these composites, along with their CO2 adsorption capabilities, ideally with efficient regeneration processes. Model flue gas mixtures shall be used for testing and their properties compared to alternative materials.

自工业革命以来，大气中温室气体二氧化碳 (CO2) 的浓度急剧增加，从典型的 180-280 ppm 增加到超过 400 ppm。这对环境和社会产生了强烈的负面影响，可能导致 2030 年至 2050 年间全球每年新增 25 万人死亡。全球人为二氧化碳排放的最大贡献者是燃煤发电厂（2018 年为 10.1 Gt，占总排放量的 30%）。燃烧后二氧化碳捕获设施可以改造为现有发电站。然而，目前该工艺的水胺吸收技术对分离和纯化的能源要求较高，使发电厂的能源需求增加25-40%，或每千瓦时电费增加0.06美元。人们已经研究了替代方案，如物理吸收剂、膜、化学循环和固体吸附剂，例如吸附剂。多孔碳、沸石、氧化铝和金属有机骨架。其中，固体吸附剂比其他技术具有许多优点，例如物理吸附再生所需的能量减少以及二氧化碳的容量和选择性更高。金属有机框架是具有有机连接体的金属离子/簇的多孔晶格，由于其可调节的性质以及高孔隙率和内表面积而受到特别关注。这些可以产生出色的二氧化碳吸附曲线，可针对特定烟气条件进行优化。建议的解决方案和方法在实际工作条件下评估碳捕获应用的金属有机框架，并考虑工业工艺设计对于其成功利用至关重要。这需要具有高热稳定性和化学稳定性的材料以及开发节能工艺。磁性框架复合材料包含与磁性材料相结合的金属有机框架，与其他材料相比表现出许多优点（例如，增强的热稳定性、简单的磁场诱导分离、用于框架合成或再生的节能局部感应加热以及磁场辅助流化）。该项目旨在开发新型磁性框架复合材料（由功能化磁性材料和最先进的金属有机框架组成）用于二氧化碳捕获，具有燃烧后烟气的剖面和处理能力。我们将探索这些复合材料的可扩展和可持续的合成方法，以及它们的二氧化碳吸附能力，最好是高效的再生过程。应使用模型烟气混合物进行测试并将其性能与替代材料进行比较。