Cortical Control of a Dextrous Prosthetic Hand

描述(申请人提供)：本补充材料是原项目“灵巧假手的皮质控制”的直接延伸。因脊髓损伤而四肢瘫痪的患者将参加一项为期一个月的研究，其优势是展示基于协同实时皮层脑电图仪(ECoG)的脑控接口(BCI)训练的有效性。这项脑机接口培训将在明确的学习范例中进行，从而控制拟人化的灵巧手臂和手系统。定制的硬膜下ECoG电极网，植入到运动皮质的手臂和手部区域，将保留一个月。受试者将接受训练，使用“共享模式控制”模式控制假肢，这种模式基本上将大脑皮质活动产生的控制信号与自动机器人控制系统产生的理想控制信号混合在一起。通过逐渐降低共享模式比率，即计算机辅助的水平，受试者能够一致地体验到在完成伸展到抓取任务的可控程度上的成功，同时任务的实际难度改变以反映设备控制技能的增加。我们预计参与者将学会控制手的平移、旋转和抓握，总共有9个自由度。在培训期间，我们预计他们的表现将会提高，他们将能够至少90%成功地完成与日常生活活动有关的任务。此外，我们将表征共模控制对皮层可塑性的影响，通过ECoG记录捕捉到。我们预计调制深度(不同假臂运动中ECoG信号特征活动的差异)将随着时间的推移而增加，以优化共享模式BCI训练范例中的性能。这项拟议的研究迈出了重要的一步，将在非人类灵长类动物和接受ECoG监测的人类中完成的脑机接口研究转移到最终用户群体。这项提案的主要重点是控制伸展和抓握活动。使用先进的假肢恢复这些功能将对上肢障碍患者的生活质量产生重大影响。 公共卫生相关性：该项目的目标是证明脊髓损伤患者可以实现基于脑电地形图(ECoG)的大脑对拟人化假肢手臂和手的强大控制。该项目的成功完成将大大推进使用脑机接口技术来增强脊髓损伤患者的功能和改善生活质量的研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This supplement is a direct extension of the original project titled "Cortical control of a dexterous prosthetic hand". Individuals with tetraplegia due to spinal cord injury will participate in a month-long study with the advantage of demonstrating the effectiveness of concerted real-time electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain-controlled interface (BCI) training. This BCI training will be conducted in a well-defined learning paradigm leading to the control of an anthropomorphic dexterous prosthetic arm and hand system. Custom-made subdural ECoG electrode grids, implanted over the arm and hand area of the motor cortex, will remain in place for one month. The participants will be trained to control the prosthetic arm using a "shared-mode control" paradigm which essentially blends control signals derived from cortical activity with an ideal control signal generated by an automatic robot control system. By gradually tuning down the shared-mode ratio, i.e., the level of computer assist, the subject is able to consistently experience a controlled degree of success in completing reach to grasp tasks while the actual difficulty of the task changes to reflect increasing device control skill. We expect that participants will learn to control hand translation, rotation, and grasping for a total of 9 degrees of freedom. Over the duration of training, we expect that their performance will improve and that they will be able to complete tasks related to activities of daily living with at least 90% success. Further, we will characterize the effect of shared-mode control on cortical plasticity as captured by ECoG recording. We expect that the depth of modulation (variation in ECoG signal feature activities across different prosthetic arm movements) will increase over time to optimize performance in the shared-mode BCI training paradigm. This proposed study takes the important step of transferring BCI research completed in non-human primates and humans undergoing ECoG monitoring for intractable epilepsy to an end-user population. The primary focus of this proposal relates to control of reach and grasp activities. Restoring these functions with an advanced prosthetic limb will have a significant impact on the quality of life for individuals with upper limb impairments. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this project is to demonstrate that individuals with spinal cord injury can achieve robust electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain control of an anthropomorphic prosthetic arm and hand. Successful completion of this project will significantly advance research in using brain-computer interface technology to enhance function and improve the quality of life for individuals with spinal cord injury.