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Optimization of In-Line Phase-Contrast Mammography

在线相差乳腺 X 线摄影的优化

基本信息

批准号：
8127623
负责人：
Adam Michael Zysk
金额：
$ 5.47万
依托单位：
ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8127623
关键词：
Anodes Breast Clinical Collection Computer Simulation Computer software Data Deposition Detection Diagnostic Imaging Diagnostic radiologic examination Dose Evaluation Exhibits Goals Health Human Illinois Image Institutes Ionizing radiation Link Literature Low Dose Radiation Mammary Gland Parenchyma Mammography Marketing Measurement Measures Medical Imaging Modeling Molybdenum Paint Pathology Patients Performance Phase Preparation Property Protein Structure Initiative Radiation Reader Refractive Indices Research Rhodium Screening procedure Sensitivity and Specificity Simulate Source Specimen Speed Statistical sensitivity System Technology Time Tissues Tube Tungsten Work absorption base clinical application clinically relevant data modeling density design detector digital frontier improved indexing post-doctoral training simulation soft tissue tumor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Phase-sensitive x-ray imaging (PSI) is an exciting frontier of diagnostic imaging, promising highly detailed images of soft tissue while dramatically reducing radiation dose to the patient. The basic concepts behind PSI have been known for many years, but the technology is only now becoming practical for clinical use due to recent technical advances in x-ray tubes and digital detectors. The applicant will receive postdoctoral training in the Medical Imaging Research Center (MIRC) at the Illinois Institute of Technology (NT), one of the leading PSI research groups in the U.S. In this project, the applicant will take advantage of this opportunity to conduct a rigorous new study of one of the main types of PSI, namely in-line phase contrast imaging for mammography, or phase-contrast mammography (PCM). Specifically, the main goal of this project is to design, optimize, and build a PCM system and evaluate its performance. While it is clear from previous studies (and a commercial product on the market) that phase contrast effects can be seen in x-ray breast images, no comprehensive clinically relevant performance evaluations have been conducted. This research will use new breast data and computer models to simulate and build an optimized PCM in-line system and assess its ability to produce clinically useful images of mass density fluctuations in diseased tissue. The proposed project has the following specific aims: (1) Characterize the physical x-ray properties of breast tissue using a multiple-image radiography measurement system. (2) Use these measurements in conjunction with computational breast models and PCM in-line system simulations to optimize image quality by adjusting the physicalparameters of a benchtop system. (3) Build the optimized benchtop system and evaluate its capabilities for clinical application. Whereas conventional x-ray images (based on absorption) involve hazardous radiation absorption and provide limited sensitivity, x-ray phase contrast images show subtle differences in tissue mass density that are linked to the x-ray propagation speed through tissue. This phenomenon dominates absorption contrast by more than 1,000 times at higher x-ray energies, such as those used in general radiography, where breast tissue absorbs far less ionizing radiation. These properties make low-dose phase-contrast mammography an exciting possibility. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE:

描述（由申请人提供）：相敏x射线成像（PSI）是诊断成像的一个令人兴奋的前沿，承诺高度详细的软组织图像，同时显着减少对患者的辐射剂量。PSI背后的基本概念已经为人所知多年，但由于x射线管和数字探测器的最新技术进步，该技术现在才开始用于临床应用。申请人将在伊利诺伊理工学院医学成像研究中心（MIRC）接受博士后培训，该中心是美国领先的PSI研究小组之一。在这个项目中，申请人将利用这个机会对PSI的主要类型之一进行严格的新研究，即乳腺x线相衬成像，或相衬乳房x线摄影（PCM）。具体来说，本项目的主要目标是设计、优化和构建一个PCM系统并评估其性能。虽然从先前的研究（以及市场上的商业产品）可以清楚地看出，在x射线乳房图像中可以看到相衬效果，但尚未进行全面的临床相关性能评估。本研究将使用新的乳腺数据和计算机模型来模拟和构建一个优化的PCM在线系统，并评估其产生病变组织中质量密度波动的临床有用图像的能力。该项目有以下具体目标：(1)使用多图像放射测量系统表征乳腺组织的物理x射线特性。(2)将这些测量与计算乳房模型和PCM在线系统模拟结合使用，通过调整台式系统的物理参数来优化图像质量。(3)构建优化后的台式系统，并评估其临床应用能力。传统的x射线图像（基于吸收）涉及有害的辐射吸收并且灵敏度有限，而x射线相位对比图像显示组织质量密度的细微差异，这与x射线通过组织的传播速度有关。这种现象在更高的x射线能量下比吸收对比度高出1000倍以上，比如在普通x射线照相中，乳房组织吸收的电离辐射要少得多。这些特性使得低剂量相衬乳房x线照相术成为一种令人兴奋的可能性。公共卫生相关性：