Association and Function of Opioid Receptor Gene Variants to Substance Dependence

Tfiis是一个K99到ROO的过渡应用程序，它寻求进一步支持，以研究四个 阿片受体基因（0 PRM 1、0 PRD 1、0 PRK 1和0 PRL 1）和四种阿片肽基因（POMC， PDYN、PENK和PNOC）基因与非裔美国人（AA）和 欧洲裔美国人（EAs）。 在K99期，我们鉴定了几种Opold受体和肽基因变异体，这些变异体在K99期显著增加。 与SD有关。然而，由于仅选择了有限数量的变体并对其进行了测试， 与SD相关，因果变量可能被忽略。此外，尚不清楚 确定的SD相关变异是功能性的，或者它们只是与致病基因连锁不平衡。 变量。因此，在ROO阶段，我们需要进一步解决这些问题。我们建议（1）分析 通过对阿片受体和肽进行重新测序，将常见和罕见变异与SD联系起来 基因在我们的情况下和控制使用下一代测序技术;（2）检查的功能， SD相关的阿片受体和肽基因变异，使用几种方法，包括受体 结合分析，蛋白质印迹，实时定量聚合酶链反应，等位基因表达 不平衡测定、电泳迁移率凝胶位移测定和liclferase报告基因测定;和（3） 研究阿片受体和肽基因调控区的DNA甲基化水平是否 SD患者与健康对照组之间差异有显著性。 该研究将有助于我们进一步了解阿片受体和肽对阿片受体的影响 基因变异，并确定这些基因的表观遗传修饰是否可以增加 对SD的脆弱性。此外，它将为未来的ROI项目生成足够的数据，目标是（1） 建立一套阿片受体和肽类基因标记物作为SD的预测因子;（2）研究阿片受体和肽类基因标记物在SD中的作用。 这些基因中的变异对SD治疗结果的贡献。

Tfiis is a K99 to ROO transition application which seeks further support for studying the association of four opioid receptor genes (0PRM1, 0PRD1, 0PRK1, and 0PRL1) and four opioid peptide genes (POMC, PDYN, PENK, and PNOC) genes and substance dependence (SD) in African Americans (AAs) and European Americans (EAs). In the K99 phase, we identified several opold receptor and peptide gene variants which were significantly associated with SD. However, since only a limited number of variants were selected and tested for their association with SD, the causal variant might have been ignored. In addition, it is unknown whether the identified SD-associated variants are functional or they are just in linkage disequilibrium with the causal variant. Therefore, in the ROO phase, we need to further address these Issues. We propose to (1) analyze the association of both common and rare variants with SD by resequencing the opioid receptor and peptide genes in our cases and controls using the next-generation sequencing technique; (2) examine the function of SD-assoclated opioid receptor and peptide gene variants using several approaches including receptor binding assays, Western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, allelic expression Imbalance assay, electrophoretic mobility gel shift assay, and liclferase reporter gene assay; and (3) Investigate whether DNA metylatlon levels In the regulatory regions ofthe opioid receptor and peptide genes are significantly different between SD affected cases and healthy controls. The proposed study will improve our understanding about the Influence of opioid receptor and peptide gene variants on SD and determine whether epigenetic modification ofthese genes can Increase vulnerability to SD. In addition, it will generate sufficient data for a future ROI project aimed at (1) establishing a set of opiod receptor and peptide gene markers as predictors of SD; and (2) investigating the contribution of variants In these genes to the outcome of SD treatment.