A Meta-analysis of Brief Intervention Effects for Adolescents and Young Adults

对青少年和年轻人的短期干预效果的荟萃分析

• 批准号: 8192362
• 负责人: Emily E. Tanner-Smith
• 金额: $ 28.08万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-20 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8192362
• 关键词: Adolescent; Aftercare; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Characteristics; Comorbidity; Databases; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Empirical Research; Ethnic Origin; Feedback; Gender; Intervention; Language; Literature; Location; Meta-Analysis; Modeling; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Participant; Pattern; Population; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Techniques; Time; Variant; Youth; alcohol use initiation; base; brief alcohol intervention; brief intervention; comparative effectiveness; computerized; cost effective; dosage; effective intervention; interest; intervention effect; motivational enhancement therapy; prevent; reduced alcohol use; research study; study characteristics; therapy design; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will use meta-analytic techniques to analyze the effects of brief alcohol interventions on adolescent and young adults' alcohol and other illicit substance use outcomes. By systematically synthesizing research findings on the effects of brief alcohol interventions, the proposed project will assess the evidence for the effectiveness of this form of intervention, which intervention variants are most effective, and for whom these interventions are most effective. The specific aims of the project are to 1) assess the overall effects of brief alcohol interventions on adolescent and young adults' alcohol and other illicit substance use, 2) examine whether the effects of brief interventions are maintained over time, 3) investigate the relationship between intervention effects and participant characteristics (e.g., age, gender, psychiatric comorbidity, baseline substance use), and 4) identify the characteristics of the brief interventions (e.g. dosage, type, setting) that show the largest effects. The proposed project will compile a meta-analytic database of detailed information from the corpus of experimental and quasi-experimental studies examining the effects of brief alcohol interventions for adolescent and young adults. Studies eligible for inclusion will be those involving a brief intervention explicitly intended to prevent or reduce alcohol use for participants age 25 or younger. Detailed information will be extracted from study reports related to general study characteristics (e.g., location, year of publication, methodological design), intervention characteristics (e.g., computerized, group setting), participant characteristics (e.g., age, gender, race/ethnicity, psychiatric comorbidity, prior alcohol and substance use), and the magnitude of the effects on the targeted outcomes. Published and unpublished studies in all languages will be eligible for inclusion. Standardized mean difference effect sizes will be used to represent the alcohol and substance use related outcomes. Random effects main effects and meta-regression models with robust standard errors will be used to estimate intervention effects and the moderating role of participant and intervention characteristics. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Understanding when and for whom brief alcohol interventions are most effective among adolescents and young adults has important public health implications for reducing the detrimental consequences associated with problematic levels of alcohol consumption. Empirical synthesis of the brief alcohol intervention literature will generate useful information for both researchers and practitioners by providing a more comprehensive understanding of the types of participants and interventions that are associated with the greatest reductions in alcohol and substance use related outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议项目将使用荟萃分析技术来分析短期酒精干预对青少年和年轻人酒精和其他非法物质使用结果的影响。通过系统地综合关于短暂酒精干预效果的研究结果，拟议的项目将评估这种干预形式有效性的证据，哪些干预措施最有效，以及这些干预措施对谁最有效。该项目的具体目标是 1) 评估短期酒精干预对青少年和年轻人酒精和其他非法物质使用的总体影响，2) 检查短期干预的效果是否随着时间的推移而保持，3) 调查干预效果与参与者特征（例如年龄、性别、精神合并症、基线药物使用）之间的关系，4) 确定短期干预的特征（例如剂量、 类型、设置）显示出最大的影响。拟议的项目将编译一个荟萃分析数据库，其中包含来自实验和准实验研究语料库的详细信息，检查短暂酒精干预对青少年和年轻人的影响。符合纳入条件的研究将是那些涉及明确旨在预防或减少 25 岁或以下参与者饮酒的简短干预的研究。详细信息将从与一般研究特征（例如，地点、出版年份、方法设计）、干预特征（例如，计算机化、分组设置）、参与者特征（例如，年龄、性别、种族/民族、精神共病、既往酒精和药物使用）以及对目标结果的影响程度相关的研究报告中提取。所有语言的已发表和未发表的研究都有资格被纳入。标准化平均差异效应大小将用于代表酒精和药物使用相关的结果。随机效应主效应和具有稳健标准误差的元回归模型将用于估计干预效果以及参与者和干预特征的调节作用。 公共卫生相关性：了解青少年和年轻人中短期酒精干预措施何时以及对谁最有效，对于减少与有问题的饮酒水平相关的有害后果具有重要的公共卫生意义。简短的酒精干预文献的实证综合将为研究人员和从业者提供有用的信息，通过提供对与最大程度地减少酒精和药物使用相关结果相关的参与者和干预措施的类型和干预措施的更全面的了解。