Efficacy of Light-Activated Anti-Microbial Fabrics against Human Pathogens

光激活抗菌织物对人类病原体的功效

• 批准号: 7907150
• 负责人: Elizabeth Anne Ramsburg
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: LAAMSCIENCE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7907150
• 关键词: Efficacy; Light; Activated; Anti; Microbial

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract The Specific Aim of this proposal is to test the efficacy of Light-Activated Anti-Microbial fabrics to biologically inactivate three model pathogens, influenza H1N1 swine, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and cowpox virus (as a surrogate for variola virus). These viruses are pathogenic to humans and spread rapidly from infected to uninfected individuals. The World Health Organization estimates that influenza epidemics cost the US economy $71-167 billion per year and that 250,000-500,000 people die every year from influenza. RSV poses a severe and continual health risk to children and the elderly, especially in a hospital setting. Variola virus, although eradicated in the general population since 1977, still poses a deadly threat as a bioterrorism agent. Prevention of the spread of infectious viruses is largely accomplished through isolation of infected patients away from the general population. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as respirator masks and gloves, is currently the most effective way that health care workers can protect themselves. However standard contaminated PPE also can serve as effective modes of microorganism transmission when worn by health care workers treating multiple patients. Using a proprietary technology, LaamScience has developed coatings for a durable, self-decontaminating, and cost-effective N95 respirator mask that inactivate a broad spectrum of enveloped viruses and bacteria. The coating contains a Light-Activated Anti-Microbial (LAAM) dye that emits a reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, when exposed to light. Singlet oxygen is highly effective at inactivating viruses and killing bacteria. We have shown efficacy against influenza virus strains as well as staphylococci under normal room light conditions, with inactivation measured in minutes rather than the hours required with traditional antimicrobial agents. The proposed Phase I work will address the potential of the LaamScience coated fabric to inactivate Influenza, RSV and cowpox virus, as evidence to support the use of coated masks in healthcare settings, and more generally in the event of the release of a bioterrorism agent. The milestones of this work are to demonstrate the ability of the anti-microbial to inactivate cowpox virus (as a model for smallpox), Influenza H1N1 swine, and RSV. We will confirm that the virus inactivation is irreversible and occurs in a practical window of time under indoor lighting conditions. Accomplishment of these milestones will allow testing of real-world applications of the fabric coating against these viruses as well as against additional pathogens, which will be the goal of the Phase II studies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Project Narrative - Public Health Relevance The World Health Organization estimates that influenza epidemics cost the US economy $71-167 billion per year and that 250,000-500,000 people die every year from influenza. Groups most at risk are health care workers, patients, young people, and the geriatric population. In closed settings, (e.g., hospitals, child-care centers, military barracks, college dormitories, nursing homes) infections spread rapidly. Viral threats also include intentional spreading of deadly viruses, such as smallpox, as bioterrorism agents. Thus, new, multiple measures are needed to decrease infection rates and protect against bioterrorism threats. The LaamScience fabric coating will serve as a decontamination agent on personal protective equipment such as respirator masks and will reduce the danger of transmission of pathogenic agents between individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）： 项目摘要/摘要本提案的具体目的是测试光活化抗菌织物对三种模式病原体（猪流感H1N1、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和牛痘病毒（作为天花病毒的替代品））的生物杀灭效果。这些病毒对人类是致病性的，并从感染者迅速传播到未感染者。世界卫生组织估计，流感流行每年给美国经济造成710亿至1670亿美元的损失，每年有25万至50万人死于流感。RSV对儿童和老年人构成严重和持续的健康风险，特别是在医院环境中。天花病毒虽然自1977年以来在一般人群中被根除，但作为生物恐怖主义制剂仍然构成致命威胁。预防传染性病毒的传播主要是通过将受感染的病人与一般人群隔离来实现的。使用个人防护设备（PPE），如呼吸器口罩和手套，是目前卫生保健工作者保护自己的最有效方法。然而，标准污染的PPE也可以作为微生物传播的有效模式，当医护人员穿着治疗多名患者时。利用专利技术，LaamScience开发了一种耐用、自去污且具有成本效益的N95呼吸面罩涂层，可杀灭广谱包膜病毒和细菌。该涂层含有光活化抗微生物（LAAM）染料，当暴露于光时，该染料会释放活性氧物质，单线态氧。单线态氧在灭活病毒和杀死细菌方面非常有效。我们已经证明了在正常室内光照条件下对流感病毒株和葡萄球菌的有效性，灭活在几分钟内测量，而不是传统抗菌剂所需的几小时。拟议的第一阶段工作将解决LaamScience涂层织物抑制流感病毒、RSV和牛痘病毒的潜力，作为支持在医疗保健环境中使用涂层口罩的证据，更普遍地说，是在释放生物恐怖主义制剂的情况下。这项工作的里程碑是证明抗微生物剂对牛痘病毒（作为天花的模型）、H1N1猪流感和RSV的能力。我们将确认病毒灭活是不可逆的，并在室内照明条件下的实际时间窗口内发生。这些里程碑的实现将允许测试织物涂层对这些病毒以及其他病原体的实际应用，这将是第二阶段研究的目标。 公共卫生关系： 世界卫生组织估计，流感流行每年给美国经济造成710亿至1670亿美元的损失，每年有25万至50万人死于流感。风险最大的群体是卫生保健工作者、病人、年轻人和老年人。在封闭环境中，（例如，医院、托儿中心、军营、大学宿舍、疗养院）感染迅速蔓延。病毒威胁还包括故意传播致命病毒，如天花，作为生物恐怖主义制剂。因此，需要采取新的多种措施来降低感染率和防范生物恐怖主义威胁。LaamScience织物涂层将作为个人防护设备（如呼吸器面罩）的去污剂，并将减少病原体在个人之间传播的危险。