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Getting the green light: How chloroplast gene expression is activated by light

获得批准：叶绿体基因表达如何被光激活

基本信息

批准号：
2869544
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2869544
关键词：
Getting green light How chloroplast

项目摘要

In plants, photosynthesis occurs within chloroplasts, organelles that contain a genome encoding photosynthetic complexes. Growth and survival of plants depends on regulated expression of these chloroplast genes in response to developmental and environmental cues. For example, exposure to light causes a dramatic increase in the transcription of photosynthetic genes. This is a defining stage of plant development, but, despite its importance, we do not know how it occurs at the molecular level. In this project, we will investigate how chloroplast transcription is turned on and allow plants to become green. This project will employ a variety of cutting-edge methods to characterise the structures, functions and biological roles of proteins that activate gene expression. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) will be employed to visualise the structure of gene expression complexes. Complementary biochemical and biophysical experiments will be performed to understand the relationship to their biochemical activities. Finally, the essential roles of these proteins in plants will be tested by examining the effect of targeted mutations on chloroplast maturation. These discoveries will support the long-term effort to better control photosynthetic output and timing for improved crops and biotechnologies. They will also shed new light on fundamental biological questions of how genes are read.

在植物中，光合作用发生在叶绿体内，叶绿体是包含编码光合作用复合体的基因组的细胞器。植物的生长和存活依赖于这些叶绿体基因对发育和环境提示的调控表达。例如，暴露在光下会导致光合作用基因转录的急剧增加。这是植物发育的一个决定性阶段，尽管它很重要，但我们不知道它是如何在分子水平上发生的。在这个项目中，我们将研究叶绿体转录是如何开启的，并使植物变绿。该项目将使用各种尖端方法来表征激活基因表达的蛋白质的结构、功能和生物学作用。低温电子显微镜(Cryo-EM)将用于可视化基因表达复合体的结构。将进行补充的生化和生物物理实验，以了解它们与生化活动的关系。最后，将通过检测定向突变对叶绿体成熟的影响来测试这些蛋白质在植物中的基本作用。这些发现将支持更好地控制光合作用产量和时间的长期努力，以改进作物和生物技术。他们还将为如何解读基因的基本生物学问题提供新的线索。