Real-time PET guided radiation therapy for cancer treatment

用于癌症治疗的实时 PET 引导放射治疗

• 批准号: 8057371
• 负责人: Samuel Mazin
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: REFLEXION MEDICAL, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-26 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8057371
• 关键词: Accounting; Algorithms; Biological; Breathing; Cancer Center; Cancer Patient; Cells; Collimator; Data; Dose; Effectiveness; Environment; Exhibits; Failure; Goals; Hypoxia; Image; Individual; Knowledge; Linear Accelerator Radiotherapy Systems; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Measures; Medical; Methods; Metric; Motion; Movement; Outcome; Oxygen; Patients; Performance; Phase; Plant Leaves; Positioning Attribute; Positron; Positron-Emission Tomography; Probability; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Respiration; Simulate; Spatial Distribution; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Tracer; Treatment Failure; Tumor Volume; Uncertainty; Woman; base; cancer therapy; design; detector; effective therapy; fluorodeoxyglucose; improved; innovation; men; research study; response; success; time interval; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The effectiveness of radiation therapy for lung cancer treatment can be significantly improved if radiation dose can be safely escalated. The main limitation to dose escalation is tumor location uncertainty during treatment due to patient respiration. In addition to geometric changes, tumor hypoxia is a leading cause of treatment failure. If dose can be escalated to radioresistant hypoxic regions then local tumor control would also improve. RefleXion Medical is using positron emission tomography (PET) to guide radiation delivery so that both geometric and biological changes in the tumor can be accounted for in real-time during treatment. In Phase I of the project we aim to: 1) Develop a method of directing radiation beam-lets along individual PET lines-of- response; 2) Develop a method of estimating target position using subsets of PET emissions that occur over a short period of time; and 3) Test methods developed in Aims 1 and 2 using list-mode PET data acquired from a moving phantom. Aim 3 experiments will be accomplished at the Stanford Cancer Center utilizing a motion phantom and a PET-CT system. In Phase II we plan to directly control a multi-leaf collimator using a motion phantom and PET detector table-top system so that tumor tracking can be demonstrated experimentally. The developed treatment methods for real-time PET-guided radiation therapy may result in significantly more effective treatments through safe dose escalation and optimal distribution of the dose to the heterogeneous moving tumor. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Lung cancer is the biggest cancer killer in both men and women in the U.S. While two-thirds of U.S cancer patients are treated with radiation therapy, success rates for lung cancer are low, largely due to movement of the tumor during breathing. In this project, RefleXion Medical aims to develop a radiotherapy system that uses positron emission tomography (PET) to non-invasively track a tumor's position and biological state during treatment. Real-time PET-guided radiotherapy will enable safe dose escalation and smarter dose distribution, leading to more effective treatment of tumors that exhibit significant motion.

描述（由申请人提供）：如果放射剂量可以安全递增，则可以显著提高肺癌放射治疗的有效性。剂量递增的主要限制是治疗期间由于患者呼吸引起的肿瘤位置不确定性。除了几何变化，肿瘤缺氧是治疗失败的主要原因。如果剂量可以增加到放射抗性缺氧区域，则局部肿瘤控制也会改善。RefleXion Medical正在使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）来引导放射治疗，以便在治疗过程中实时考虑肿瘤的几何和生物变化。在该项目的第I阶段，我们的目标是：1）开发一种沿沿着单个PET响应线引导辐射子束的方法; 2）开发一种使用短时间内发生的PET发射子集估计靶位置的方法;以及3）使用从移动体模采集的列表模式PET数据在目标1和2中开发的测试方法。目标3实验将在斯坦福大学癌症中心使用运动体模和PET-CT系统完成。在第二阶段，我们计划直接控制多叶准直器使用运动体模和PET探测器台式系统，使肿瘤跟踪可以通过实验证明。开发的实时PET引导放射治疗的治疗方法可以通过安全的剂量递增和对异质移动肿瘤的剂量的最佳分布来实现显著更有效的治疗。 公共卫生相关性：肺癌是美国男性和女性最大的癌症杀手，虽然三分之二的美国癌症患者接受放射治疗，但肺癌的成功率很低，这主要是由于肿瘤在呼吸过程中的运动。在该项目中，RefleXion Medical旨在开发一种放射治疗系统，该系统使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）在治疗过程中无创跟踪肿瘤的位置和生物状态。实时PET引导的放射治疗将实现安全的剂量递增和更智能的剂量分布，从而更有效地治疗表现出显著运动的肿瘤。