Neighborhood Influences on Cognitive Level and Training Gains in the ACTIVE Study

主动研究中邻里对认知水平和训练收益的影响

• 批准号: 7991337
• 负责人: Shannon M Sisco
• 金额: $ 3.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7991337
• 关键词: Adult; Area; Baltimore; Boston; Catchment Area; Categories; Censuses; Characteristics; Church; Classification; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Dimensions; Educational Status; Elderly; Epidemiology; Exercise; Factor Analysis; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Health; Health care facility; Incidence; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; Intervention; Libraries; Life; Maryland; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Pennsylvania; Physical activity; Physicians' Offices; Procedures; Psychological Stress; Psychosocial Assessment and Care; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Role; Scholarship; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; aged; base; cognitive training; contextual factors; improved; innovation; intervention program; metropolitan; neighborhood association; physical conditioning; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; social; social organization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A growing body of research supports the role of neighborhood characteristics in the lives of older adults. Low neighborhood-level socioeconomic status has been associated with poorer physical health, reduced rates of physical activity, increased incidence of depression and psychological stress, and less neighborhood-based social support networks and social engagement. Many of these health and well being outcomes have also been identified as correlates of late life cognition. Yet few studies to date have specifically investigated the role of the neighborhood as a unique source of explanatory variance in cognitive aging. The current study seeks to supplement data collected in the NIH-funded ACTIVE (Advanced Cognitive Training with Independent and Vital Elders) study with additional neighborhood-level data derived from publicly available data sets. ACTIVE offers a unique opportunity to examine the association of neighborhood-level characteristics not only with baseline cognitive level, but also with response to cognitive training. In ACTIVE, 2,802 adults aged 65-96 from six US catchment area completed a baseline cognitive assessment and were randomized to one of three ten-session cognitive intervention programs or a no- contact control condition. An immediate posttest repeated most of the cognitive assessments to assess training-related change. Combining spatial and statistical analysis using geographic information systems (GIS), the proposed study seeks to investigate 1) whether neighborhood-level socioeconomic position (SEP) is related to initial cognitive level and training response in ACTIVE participants and 2) whether the number of neighborhood facilities supporting physical and psychosocial health mediates the relationship between neighborhood SEP and the ACTIVE cognitive outcomes. By innovatively bridging the social epidemiology and cognitive aging traditions, this proposal seeks to improve our understanding of the contextual factors influencing individual differences in late life cognition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By exploring the influence of the neighborhood context on cognition in late life, targets may be identified for effective neighborhood level interventions, and/or individual strategy instruction in more optimal utilization of neighborhood resources.

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的研究支持邻里特征在老年人生活中的作用。低邻里水平的社会经济地位与身体健康状况较差，身体活动率降低，抑郁症和心理压力的发病率增加以及基于社区的社会支持网络和社会参与减少有关。许多这些健康和幸福的结果也被确定为晚年认知的相关因素。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究专门调查的作用，作为一个独特的来源，在认知老化的解释方差的邻居。目前的研究旨在补充在NIH资助的ACTIVE（独立和重要老人高级认知训练）研究中收集的数据，其中包括来自公开数据集的额外社区水平数据。ACTIVE提供了一个独特的机会来研究邻里水平特征不仅与基线认知水平，而且与认知训练的反应之间的关联。在ACTIVE中，来自美国六个集水区的2，802名年龄在65-96岁的成年人完成了基线认知评估，并随机分配到三个十次认知干预计划之一或无接触对照条件。立即后测重复了大部分的认知评估，以评估培训相关的变化。结合空间和统计分析，使用地理信息系统（GIS），拟议的研究旨在调查1）是否邻里水平的社会经济地位（SEP）与初始认知水平和培训反应在ACTIVE参与者和2）是否邻里设施的数量支持身体和心理社会健康介导邻里SEP和ACTIVE认知结果之间的关系。通过创新性地弥合社会流行病学和认知老化的传统，这项建议旨在提高我们的理解的背景因素影响个体差异的晚年认知。 公共卫生关系：通过探索邻里环境对晚年认知的影响，可以确定有效的邻里水平干预的目标，和/或更优化地利用邻里资源的个人策略指导。