Assessing 3D Trunk Strength as a Function of Position and Velocity

评估 3D 躯干强度作为位置和速度的函数

• 批准号: 8116604
• 负责人: Keith G Avin
• 金额: $ 2.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2012-05-12
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8116604
• 关键词: Adult; Advocate; Aging; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Biological Preservation; Bone Density; Bone Mineral Contents; Bone Resorption; Clinical; Clinical Research; Complement; Contralateral; Data; Deposition; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Exercise; Exposure to; Female; Forelimb; Fracture; Future; Gender; Growth; Health; Hindlimb; Human; Individual; Intervention; Left; Limb structure; Maintenance; Measures; Mechanics; Menopause; Modeling; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomy; Positioning Attribute; Property; Puberty; Rattus; Research; Risk; Role; Side; Site; Skeleton; Sports; Structure; Surface; Testing; Time; aged; bone; bone loss; bone mass; bone strength; clinically relevant; cohort; density; health science research; in vivo; indexing; internal control; osteoporosis with pathological fracture; programs; response; skeletal; substantia spongiosa; tool; ulna

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application will allow the applicant to pursue a graduate research degree and contribute to the Nation's health sciences research agenda by investigating the role of exercise (mechanical loading) during growth on lifelong skeletal health. Exercise is a commonly advocated intervention for osteoporosis as the skeleton is mechanosensitive and can adapt to loading. However, a disparity exists between when the skeleton is responsive to exercise (pre-puberty) and when it is prone to osteoporotic fracture (adulthood). This has raised the question of whether exercise-induced bone changes during growth persist into adulthood where they would be most advantageous in reducing fracture risk. The sponsors' preliminary data indicate that loading-induced structural changes in cortical bone are maintained long-term and contribute to lifelong enhancement of bone strength. The current application will explore this further in three translational animal studies by investigating: (1) the short- and long-term preservation of loading benefits at both cortical and trabecular sites; (2) the influence of an artificial menopause (induced via ovariectomy) on the preservation of loading effects, and; (3) potential mechanisms for the maintenance or loss of loading-induced changes. In each study, bone adaptation will be induced in the right forelimb or hindlimb of young rats using the ulna or tibial axial loading models, respectively. Left limbs will serve as nonloaded, internal controls. Animals will subsequently be detrained (restricted to cage activities) for 12, 18 or 92 wks, with ovariectomy being performed in some animals to induce an artificial menopause. Bone response to loading and detraining will be assessed using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo analyses. To complement these animal studies, a fourth clinical study will be performed in which throwing athletes will be explored as a potential human model for the lifelong skeletal benefits of exercise during growth. This later study will provide preliminary data for future clinical studies on this topic. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A commonly prescribed treatment for the increased risk for osteoporotic fracture associated with aging is exercise. However, the skeleton is most responsive to exercise around the time of puberty, and not when it is prone to osteoporotic fracture in later adulthood. This has raised the question of whether exercise-induced bone changes during growth persist into adulthood where they would be most advantageous in reducing bone fracture risk. This application will investigate the role of exercise during growth on long-term skeletal health.

描述（由申请人提供）：该申请将允许申请人攻读研究生研究学位，并通过调查运动（机械负荷）在生长过程中对终生骨骼健康的作用，为国家健康科学研究议程做出贡献。运动是普遍提倡的骨质疏松症干预措施，因为骨骼具有机械敏感性并且可以适应负荷。然而，骨骼对运动有反应的时间（青春期前）和容易发生骨质疏松性骨折的时间（成年期）之间存在差异。这就提出了一个问题：生长过程中运动引起的骨骼变化是否会持续到成年期，在成年期它们对降低骨折风险最有利。申办者的初步数据表明，负荷引起的皮质骨结构变化可以长期维持，并有助于终生增强骨强度。目前的申请将在三项转化动物研究中通过调查进一步探讨这一点：（1）皮质和小梁部位负载益处的短期和长期保存； (2) 人工绝经（通过卵巢切除术诱导）对保持负荷效应的影响； (3) 负载引起的变化的维持或损失的潜在机制。在每项研究中，将分别使用尺骨或胫骨轴向载荷模型在幼鼠的右前肢或后肢中诱导骨适应。左肢将用作无负载的内部控制。随后，动物将被限制在笼内活动12周、18周或92周，并对一些动物进行卵巢切除术以诱导人工绝经。将结合体内和离体分析来评估骨骼对加载和去训练的反应。为了补充这些动物研究，我们将进行第四项临床研究，其中将探索投掷运动员作为潜在的人类模型，以了解生长期间运动对骨骼的终生益处。这个稍后 研究将为该主题的未来临床研究提供初步数据。公共卫生相关性：针对与衰老相关的骨质疏松性骨折风险增加，常用的治疗方法是运动。然而，骨骼在青春期左右对运动最敏感，而不是在成年后期容易发生骨质疏松性骨折的时候。这就提出了一个问题：生长过程中运动引起的骨骼变化是否会持续到成年期，在成年期它们对降低骨折风险最有利。该应用程序将研究生长过程中的运动对长期骨骼健康的作用。