Assessing 3D Trunk Strength as a Function of Position and Velocity

评估 3D 躯干强度作为位置和速度的函数

• 批准号: 7486551
• 负责人: Keith G Avin
• 金额: $ 3.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2012-08-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7486551
• 关键词: Advocate; Aging; Animals; Biological Preservation; Bone Density; Bone Mineral Contents; Clinical; Clinical Research; Complement; Contralateral; Data; Deposition; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Exercise; Exposure to; Female; Forelimb; Fracture; Future; Gender; Growth; Health; Hindlimb; Human; Individual; Intervention; Left; Limb structure; Maintenance; Measures; Mechanics; Menopause; Modeling; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomy; Positioning Attribute; Property; Puberty; Public Health; Rattus; Research; Risk; Role; Side; Site; Skeletal system; Skeleton; Sports; Structure; Surface; Testing; Time; Week; aged; bone; bone loss; bone strength; clinically relevant; cohort; density; health science research; in vivo; indexing; internal control; osteoporosis with pathological fracture; programs; response; size; substantia spongiosa; tool; ulna

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application will allow the applicant to pursue a graduate research degree and contribute to the Nation's health sciences research agenda by investigating the role of exercise (mechanical loading) during growth on lifelong skeletal health. Exercise is a commonly advocated intervention for osteoporosis as the skeleton is mechanosensitive and can adapt to loading. However, a disparity exists between when the skeleton is responsive to exercise (pre-puberty) and when it is prone to osteoporotic fracture (adulthood). This has raised the question of whether exercise-induced bone changes during growth persist into adulthood where they would be most advantageous in reducing fracture risk. The sponsors' preliminary data indicate that loading-induced structural changes in cortical bone are maintained long-term and contribute to lifelong enhancement of bone strength. The current application will explore this further in three translational animal studies by investigating: (1) the short- and long-term preservation of loading benefits at both cortical and trabecular sites; (2) the influence of an artificial menopause (induced via ovariectomy) on the preservation of loading effects, and; (3) potential mechanisms for the maintenance or loss of loading-induced changes. In each study, bone adaptation will be induced in the right forelimb or hindlimb of young rats using the ulna or tibial axial loading models, respectively. Left limbs will serve as nonloaded, internal controls. Animals will subsequently be detrained (restricted to cage activities) for 12, 18 or 92 wks, with ovariectomy being performed in some animals to induce an artificial menopause. Bone response to loading and detraining will be assessed using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo analyses. To complement these animal studies, a fourth clinical study will be performed in which throwing athletes will be explored as a potential human model for the lifelong skeletal benefits of exercise during growth. This later study will provide preliminary data for future clinical studies on this topic. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A commonly prescribed treatment for the increased risk for osteoporotic fracture associated with aging is exercise. However, the skeleton is most responsive to exercise around the time of puberty, and not when it is prone to osteoporotic fracture in later adulthood. This has raised the question of whether exercise-induced bone changes during growth persist into adulthood where they would be most advantageous in reducing bone fracture risk. This application will investigate the role of exercise during growth on long-term skeletal health.

描述（由申请人提供）：该申请将允许申请人攻读研究生研究学位，并通过调查运动（机械负荷）在终身骨骼健康生长过程中的作用，为国家的健康科学研究议程做出贡献。运动是一种普遍提倡的骨质疏松症干预措施，因为骨骼是机械敏感的，可以适应负荷。然而，当骨骼对运动有反应时（青春期前）和当它容易发生骨质疏松性骨折时（成年期）之间存在差异。这就提出了一个问题，即在生长过程中运动引起的骨骼变化是否会持续到成年期，在成年期，运动引起的骨骼变化对降低骨折风险最有利。申办者的初步数据表明，载荷诱导的皮质骨结构变化可长期维持，并有助于骨强度的终身增强。本申请将在三项转化动物研究中进一步探索这一点，研究：（1）皮质和小梁部位负荷益处的短期和长期保留;（2）人工绝经（通过卵巢切除术诱导）对负荷效应保留的影响;（3）维持或丧失负荷诱导变化的潜在机制。在每项研究中，将分别使用尺骨或胫骨轴向负荷模型在幼龄大鼠的右前肢或后肢中诱导骨适应。左侧肢体将作为非加载的内部控制。随后将动物停止训练（仅限于笼内活动）12、18或92周，在一些动物中进行卵巢切除术以诱导人工绝经。将使用体内和离体分析的组合评估骨对负荷和停止训练的反应。为了补充这些动物研究，将进行第四项临床研究，其中将投掷运动员作为潜在的人类模型进行探索，以获得生长期间运动对骨骼的终身益处。晚点 本研究将为今后的临床研究提供初步数据。公共卫生相关性：针对与衰老相关的骨质疏松性骨折风险增加的常用治疗方法是运动。然而，骨骼在青春期对运动的反应最大，而不是在成年后期容易发生骨质疏松性骨折的时候。这就提出了一个问题，即在生长过程中运动引起的骨骼变化是否会持续到成年期，在成年期，运动引起的骨骼变化对降低骨折风险最有利。该应用程序将调查在长期骨骼健康的生长过程中运动的作用。