Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating

大学是女性身体不满意(BD)和饮食紊乱的独特易患时期。研究表明，这些公共卫生问题至少可以部分地用社会比较和客观化理论来解释，这两个理论是著名的社会心理学理论。人类与他人进行社会比较，以便了解他们如何以及在哪里适应这个世界。客观化理论认为，女性身体被建构为一个被凝视的对象；鉴于此，女性学会从观察者的角度来看待自己，并将自己视为被凝视的对象。这项提案将扩展之前的研究，考察这两种理论如何适用于斯泰斯(1994)饮食失调的社会文化模型的详细版本，并使用经验采样/生态瞬时评估(EMA)方法，即每天在参与者的自然环境中多次评估参与者。具体地说，该提案将使用新的方法论(即EMA)，测试社会比较和客观化作为可能解释饮食失调的社会文化模型中瘦理想内化和BD之间关系的因素，并利用严格的前瞻性分析--做这三件事将填补文献中的重要空白。一个例子 将有200名女大学生参加，其中包括两个自我报告问卷部分(在学期开始和结束时)和一个为期两周的EMA部分(即，参与者将通过她们的个人计算机完成一组简短的问题，每天3次/学期中期)。评估的结构包括：瘦压力、瘦的理想内化、社会比较、身体监督(客观化的指标)、BD和饮食紊乱。关键假设：1)瞬间社会比较和身体监督的增加将与随后的BD和饮食紊乱的增加相关；2)社会比较和身体监督的瞬间实例将中介瘦理想内化和BD之间的关系；3)包含社会比较和身体监督的社会文化模型将比不包括这些结构的模型提供更好的数据拟合。多水平和结构方程模型将被用来检验这些假设。结果可能会通过识别影响BD/饮食紊乱的相关和可变行为，为未来的大学女性预防计划提供参考。

College represents a unique vulnerability period for the development of body dissatisfaction (BD) and disordered eating among women. Research has suggested that these public health concerns may be at least partly explained by social comparison and objectification theories, two prominent social psychological theories. Humans engage in social comparisons with others in order to understand how and where they fit into the world. Objectification theory holds that the feminine body has been constructed as an object to be gazed upon; given this, females learn to view themselves from an observer's perspective and to treat themselves as objects to be looked at. This proposal will extend previous research by examining how these two theories fit into an elaborated version of Stice's (1994) socio-cultural model of disordered eating and by using an experience sampling/ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach, which involves assessing participants multiple times per day in their natural environments. Specifically, this proposal will use novel methodology (i.e., EMA), test social comparison and objectification as factors that may explain the relation between thin ideal internalization and BD in the socio-cultural model of disordered eating, and utilize rigorous prospective analyses - doing these 3 things will fill important gaps in the literature. A sample of 200 college women will participate, which will include 2 self-report questionnaire sessions (at the start and end of an academic semester) and a 2-week EMA component (i.e., via their personal computers, participants will complete a short set of questions 3x/daily mid-semester). Constructs assessed will include: pressure for thinness, thin ideal internalization, social comparison, body surveillance (the indicator of objectification), BD, and disordered eating. Key hypotheses: 1) increases in momentary social comparison and body surveillance will be associated with subsequent increases in BD and disordered eating; 2) momentary instances of social comparison and body surveillance will mediate the relation between thin ideal internalization and BD; 3) a socio-cultural model incorporating social comparison and body surveillance will provide a better fit to the data than a model that does not incorporate these constructs. Multilevel and structural equation modeling will be utilized to test these hypotheses. Results may inform future prevention programs for college women by identifying relevant and mutable behaviors that impact BD/disordered eating.