Project 5: Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil

项目5.植物修复以降解土壤和地下水来源中的空气中的多氯联苯同系物项目5的总体目标是为修复含有可能暴露人类的空气中多氯联苯的场地提供工程研究(非生物医学)。具体地说，它是为了确定植物是否能够在原地修复空气中的多氯联苯同系物和其他空气来源，如计划中的密闭处置设施(CDF)的疏浚沉积物，该设施位于印第安纳州东芝加哥，靠近两所学校。因此，该项目将重点放在挥发性较高的多氯联苯同系物上，这些多氯联苯存在于芝加哥空气中，并在环境中表现出显著的质量、毒性或持久性。植物可以从土壤和土壤水中吸收多氯联苯同系物，将空气中的半挥发性同系物拦截到树叶和树皮的蜡质角质层上，并直接代谢污染物。此外，植物通过提供降解所需的生境、氧化还原电位和底物来刺激多氯联苯的根际生物修复。该项目的意义在于，通过进一步研究多氯联苯植物修复的基因组、蛋白质组和代谢组学基础，将为制定和应用土地管理战略以干预受污染的废弃地提供科学依据，并打破多氯联苯在大气中的持续循环和随后对人类的暴露。项目5包括四个具体目标： 利用GC/MS和LC/MS/MS鉴定选定的多氯联苯同系物(多氯联苯-3、11、15、28、52、77、153)的植物代谢物和手性化合物(多氯联苯-95、136)的吸收/拆分/代谢 ？通过改变氧化还原条件使多氯联苯混合物矿化(在中间体和现场地块中)，在缺氧条件下微生物脱氯多氯联苯，在好氧条件下氧化联苯环 分析选定的好氧多氯联苯降解菌和经鉴定的暴露于多氯联苯和多氯联苯代谢物的厌氧降解菌的蛋白质组反应和对纯培养物的毒性 用T-RFLP分析和蛋白质组学分析表征多氯联苯对CDF站点和沉积物中土壤微生物群落的影响 竞争更新的主要主题是利用代谢组学和蛋白质组学的最新技术，更全面地鉴定多氯联苯的代谢物和涉及的生物转化蛋白，并利用最新的代谢组学和蛋白质组学技术证明植物根区多氯联苯同系物的完全矿化。

Project 5. Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil & Groundwater Sources The overall goal of Project 5 is to provide engineering research (non-biomedical) for the remediation of sites containing airborne PCB congeners which may expose humans. Specifically, it is to determine whether plants can provide In situ phytoremediation of PCB congeners from the air and other airborne sources like dredged sediments at the planned Confined Disposal Facility (CDF) in East Chicago, Indiana, near two schools. Thus the Project focuses on PCB congeners of higher volatility which are present in Chicago air and which display significant mass, toxicity or persistence in the environment. Plants can uptake PCB congeners from soil and soil-water, intercept semi-volatile congeners from the air onto the waxy cuticle of leaves and bark, and metabolize contaminants directly. In addition, plants stimulate rhizosphere bioremediaton of PCBs by providing the habitat, redox potential, and substrate necessary for degradation. The significance of this project is that, by studying further the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic basis of PCB phytoremediation, it will provide the scientific basis for the development and application of land management strategies for intervention at contaminated waste sites, and to break the continuous cycling of PCBs in the atmosphere and subsequent exposure to humans. Four specific aims comprise Project 5: ¿ Identify plant metabolites of selected PCB congeners (PCB-3, 11, 15, 28, 52, 77, 153) and the uptake/resolution/metabolism of chiral compounds (PCB-95, 136) using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS ¿ Mineralize PCB mixtures (in mesocosms and site plots) by varying redox conditions which microbially dechlorinates PCBs under anoxic conditions and oxidizes the biphenyl ring under aerobic conditions ¿ Analyze the proteomic response and toxicity to pure cultures of selected aerobic PCB degraders and identified anaerobic degraders exposed to PCBs and PCB metabolites ¿ Characterize PCB-induced changes on the soil microbial community at CDF sites and sediments using T-RFLP analysis and proteomic analysis The leading themes of the competitive renewal are to identify more completely the PCB metabolites, the biotransformation proteins involved, and to demonstrate complete mineralization of PCB congeners in the root zone of plants by using the latest techniques of metabolomics and proteomics.