National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System

描述（由申请人提供）：国家艾滋病毒行为监测系统（NHBS）的目标是调查艾滋病毒风险，检测和预防服务，以设计和评估纽约市和整个美国的艾滋病毒预防工作。纽约市卫生和心理卫生部（DOHMH）建议对历史上艾滋病毒感染风险高的人群进行持续的、周期性的、跨部门的艾滋病毒风险研究，以实现这一目标。NHBS将包括2011年至2015年期间的定性人种学研究，定量调查研究以及对三种高危人群的艾滋病毒和补充传染病检测：男男性行为者（MSM），注射毒品使用者（IDU）和艾滋病毒感染风险增加的异性恋者（HET）。卫生和人力部提议在2011年和2014年研究男男性行为者，在2012年和2015年研究注射吸毒者，在2013年研究卫生和人力资源部。此外，卫生和人口部提议在2011年对男男性行为者进行研究的同时，对变性妇女进行研究。NHBS定量调查将包括四个领域的问题：人口统计学，艾滋病毒风险行为，艾滋病毒检测和艾滋病毒预防服务的使用。DOHMH将通过基于场所（MSM周期）和响应者驱动的采样（IDU和HET周期）对目标人群进行采样。卫生和保健部将完成国家保健和家庭调查局的调查，在这两个周期内至少对500名男男性行为者和注射吸毒者进行调查，在这一周期内对450名健康教育和培训人员进行调查，在五年项目期内总共至少进行2 450次调查。DOHMH将进行艾滋病毒检测，以估计每个目标人群的艾滋病毒流行率（通过免疫印迹诊断检测）和艾滋病毒发病率（通过失谐检测STARHS检测）。此外，DOHMH将在所有研究周期内进行B型肝炎、丙型肝炎、单纯疱疹病毒2型和梅毒检测。DOHMH还将在第一个资助年调查200名变性妇女，并对所有研究参与者进行上述所有测试（HIV，HBV，HCV，HSV 2和梅毒）。在整个NHBS研究过程中，DOHMH将与社区合作伙伴合作，包括当地的艾滋病毒预防规划小组、艾滋病毒规划理事会和联邦资助的社区组织。DOHMH还将与当地研究人员合作，了解目标人群，并在定性研究方法方面具有专业知识，对三个目标人群进行形成性定性研究，为主要数据收集阶段提供信息和支持。最后，卫生和人口部将对国家健康调查系统进行评估，以改进艾滋病毒行为监测的方法，并将对国家健康调查系统的数据进行分析，以描述目标人群，并调查有关艾滋病毒风险的具体研究问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) is to investigate HIV risk, testing, and prevention services in order to design and evaluate HIV prevention efforts in New York City and throughout the United States. The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) proposes to conduct an ongoing, cyclical, cross-sectional research study of HIV risk among populations with historically high risk of HIV infection to accomplish this objective. NHBS would include qualitative ethnographic research, quantitative survey research, and HIV and supplemental infectious disease testing of three high-risk populations between 2011 and 2015: men who have sex with men (MSM), injection drug users (IDU), and heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV infection (HET). DOHMH proposes to study MSM in 2011 and 2014, IDU in 2012 and 2015, and HRH in 2013. Additionally, DOHMH proposes to study transgender women concurrently with the study of MSM in 2011. The NHBS quantitative survey would include questions in four domains: demographics, HIV risk behaviors, HIV testing, and the use of HIV prevention services. DOHMH will sample members of the target population through venue-based (MSM cycles) and respondent-driven sampling (IDU and HET cycles). DOHMH will complete NHBS surveys with a minimum of 500 MSM and IDU during those respective cycles and 450 HET during that cycle, for a total minimum of 2,450 surveys over the five year project period. DOHMH will conduct HIV testing to estimate HIV prevalence (through Western Blot diagnostic testing) and HIV incidence (through detuned assay STARHS testing) of each target population. Additionally, DOHMH will conduct testing for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, herpes simplex virus-2, and syphilis during all study cycles. DOHMH will also survey 200 transgender women during the first grant year, and conduct all testing listed above (HIV, HBV, HCV, HSV2, and syphilis) all study participants. Throughout the NHBS research study, DOHMH will collaborate with community partners including the local HIV Prevention Planning Group, HIV Planning Council, and federally-funded community-based organizations. DOHMH will also collaborate with local researchers with knowledge of the target populations and with expertise in qualitative research methods to conduct formative qualitative research on the three target populations to inform and support the main data collection phase. Finally, DOHMH will conduct evaluations of the NHBS system to refine the methods of HIV behavioral surveillance and will conduct analyses of NHBS data to describe the target populations and to investigate specific research questions on HIV risk.