Viscoelastic Properties of Human Facial Skin

人类面部皮肤的粘弹性特性

• 批准号: 8198628
• 负责人: MARK William BEATTY
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: OMAHA VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8198628
• 关键词: Age; Appearance; Asians; Award; Back; Biomechanics; Characteristics; Cheek structure; Chin; Cluster Analysis; Color; Craniocerebral Trauma; Data; Data Analyses; Defect; Deformity; Development; Devices; Disease; Ear; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome; Elasticity; Exhibits; Explosion; Eye; Face; Forehead; Funding; Future; Gender; Generations; Glass; Goals; Gold; Head; Head and Neck Cancer; Head and neck structure; Healthcare; Hispanics; Human; Injury; Jaw; Life; Location; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Military Personnel; Nose; Operative Surgical Procedures; Participant; Pigments; Pilot Projects; Plastics; Polymers; Population; Population Study; Procedures; Property; Prosthesis; Publishing; Race; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Sample Size; Skin; Societies; Structure; Subgroup; Suction; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Tissues; Translations; Trauma; Ultraviolet Rays; Vacuum; Veterans; Work; age group; base; clinical practice; combat; design; flexibility; human data; human study; human subject; improved; reconstruction; self esteem; skin color; viscoelasticity

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary Many military combat injuries involve the head and neck. Often these injuries result in losses of noses, eyes, ears or jaws. These missing facial structures are no longer able to function, and they produce deformities in facial appearance. When lost facial structures cannot be corrected surgically, they are replaced by artificial prostheses. Head and face prostheses should look and feel like natural skin, but unfortunately present-day materials do not always permit a realistic duplication of lost facial structures. Also, many prostheses demonstrate short lifetimes, as they fade and harden, sometimes within a period of only a few months. Consequently, nearly 25% of facial prostheses must be replaced each year. The long-term goal of this research is to develop a new generation of materials that will produce facial prostheses that look and feel like human facial skin. In order to achieve this goal, baseline information is needed to establish "gold standards" towards which future improvements in materials may be targeted. Therefore, the objective of this pilot project is to provide this baseline information by measuring facial skin elasticity in a human population. The project is designed to include equal numbers of participants from four racial groups (asian, black, white, hispanic), both genders and three age groups between 18 and 70 years. Facial skin elasticity (which yields information regarding the feel of skin) will be measured by a device that is placed against the skin and applies suction for 18 seconds. When the suction stops, the device measures how the skin recovers and this provides information regarding the skin's elastic recovery (or feel). Measurements will be made at three locations - forehead, cheek and chin. The results will be analyzed to determine whether skin elasticity is different based on race, age and facial location. Also, a statistical procedure (clustering analysis) will analyze the data to identify certain skin elastic properties that characterize the group of human subjects included in this study. This information is critical for future research designed to improve polymers (plastics) and additives that will better replicate the appearance and feel of human facial skin. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Relevance of Proposed Research to Veterans Healthcare Issues OEF/OIF veterans are returning with disfiguring head injuries caused by explosions, and older veterans undergo disfiguring surgery to treat head and neck cancer. Both groups require facial prostheses to correct these defects. Facial prostheses are critical for elevating self esteem and integrating the veteran back into society. This research will measure facial skin flexibility to provide baseline information critical for developing new facial prosthetic materials that are both life-like and durable. This fully supports RR&D's stated purpose of sponsoring research that "maximizes functional recovery." The project has strong implications for translation into clinical practice through prosthetics, and it focuses on reintegrating veterans into all facets of civilian life. These objectives match those stated by RR&D as being key goals of this funding award.

描述（由申请人提供）： 项目摘要 许多军事战斗伤害涉及头部和颈部。这些伤害通常会导致鼻子、眼睛、耳朵或下巴的损失。这些缺失的面部结构不再能够发挥作用，并且会导致面部外观畸形。当失去的面部结构无法通过手术矫正时，就会用人造假体代替。头部和面部假体的外观和触感应该像天然皮肤，但不幸的是，当今的材料并不总是能够真实地复制丢失的面部结构。此外，许多假体的使用寿命很短，因为它们会褪色和硬化，有时只有几个月的时间。因此，每年有近 25% 的面部假体必须更换。 这项研究的长期目标是开发新一代材料，生产出外观和触感都像人类面部皮肤的面部假体。为了实现这一目标，需要基线信息来建立“黄金标准”，以实现未来材料改进的目标。因此，该试点项目的目标是通过测量人群面部皮肤弹性来提供基线信息。该项目旨在包括来自四个种族群体（亚洲人、黑人、白人、西班牙裔）、性别和 18 至 70 岁之间三个年龄组的同等数量的参与者。面部皮肤弹性（产生有关皮肤感觉的信息）将通过放置在皮肤上并施加吸力 18 秒的设备进行测量。当吸力停止时，设备会测量皮肤的恢复情况，从而提供有关皮肤弹性恢复（或感觉）的信息。测量将在三个位置进行：前额、脸颊和下巴。 将分析结果以确定皮肤弹性是否因种族、年龄和面部位置而不同。此外，统计程序（聚类分析）将分析数据，以确定表征本研究中人类受试者群体的某些皮肤弹性特性。这些信息对于未来旨在改进聚合物（塑料）和添加剂以更好地复制人类面部皮肤的外观和触感的研究至关重要。 公共卫生相关性： 拟议研究与退伍军人医疗保健问题的相关性 OEF/OIF 退伍军人因爆炸造成头部受伤而返回，而老年退伍军人则接受毁容手术来治疗头颈癌。两组人都需要面部假体来纠正这些缺陷。面部假体对于提高退伍军人的自尊和重返社会至关重要。这项研究将测量面部皮肤的灵活性，为开发逼真且耐用的新型面部修复材料提供至关重要的基线信息。这完全支持 RR&D 赞助“最大化功能恢复”研究的既定目的。该项目对于通过假肢转化为临床实践具有重要意义，它的重点是让退伍军人重新融入平民生活的各个方面。这些目标与 RR&D 所说的本次资助的主要目标相符。