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The reproductive and cognitive effects of in-utero mercuric chloride exposure; an

宫内氯化汞暴露对生殖和认知的影响；

基本信息

批准号：
8100976
负责人：
John C Heath
金额：
$ 39.68万
依托单位：
TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8100976
关键词：
Academic Research Enhancement Awards Affect Alabama Antioxidants Area Arsenic Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Sciences Biological Biology Birth Cerebellum Cerebrum Chronic Cognitive Cognitive deficits County Data Death Rate Defense Mechanisms Development Diet Employee Strikes Environment Environmental Health Environmental Pollutants Exposure to Female Fertility Fertility Rates Fetus Future Hormonal Impairment Incidence Intoxication Laboratories Lead Learning Life Low Birth Weight Infant Memory impairment Menstruation Disturbances Mercuric chloride Mercury Methylmercury Compounds Mothers Motor Nutrient Organ Organism Outcome Ovary Perinatal Exposure Play Policies Pollution Population Pregnancy Primordial Follicle Prize Psychology Public Health Rattus Recommended Daily Allowances Reproduction Research Role Science Seizures Selenium Societies Sodium Selenite Students Subfecundity Tactile Teratology Toxic Environmental Substances Toxic effect Training Universities Whole Organism behavior test experience female reproductive system implantation in utero infant death juvenile animal meetings mercury release methylmercury exposure motor deficit offspring posters reproductive statistics symposium wasting

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The reproductive and cognitive effects of in-utero mercuric chloride exposure; and the ameliorating effects of selenium. R15 Application Exposure to mercury (Hg) has been associated with adverse reproductive and neuro-behavioral factors. Alabama is the 4th largest inorganic Hg (IHg) waste producer with 16,220lbs released into the environment in 2008. Of the five counties releasing the most IHg waste, three have higher infant death rates, four have higher low birth weight rates, and four have a lower percentage of mothers with a second birth in under two years. While not all adverse reproductive data presented is caused by Hg, the association between IHg pollution in Alabama and the distribution of adverse reproductive data is striking. Inorganic mercury has an effect on incidence rates of menstrual disorders, primary subfecundity, and lower viable fetuses. Studies focusing on very early exposure of inorganic mercury reveal neuro-developmental effects, behavioral deficits and increased Hg in the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Selenium (Se), an essential nutrient, is an important factor in fertility in females. We propose to study 1) the ameliorating effects of a selenium enriched diet on reproduction in female rats exposed to IHg; and 2) the cognitive and behavioral effects of in-utero exposure in offspring. Our hypothesis is a selenium enriched diet lessens the adverse reproductive effects of IHg; and in-utero exposure to IHg is a cause of cognitive deficits in offspring. These findings could lead to an inexpensive and effective remedy to alleviate some of the detrimental influence of IHg on reproduction, and establish that in-utero exposure to IHg is related to cognitive deficits in offspring. This could have a direct impact on populations living in mercury polluted areas. Within our laboratory we have always maintained a policy of including undergraduates in our Research. To this end, several undergraduate students have experienced a unique encounter with science during our studies. Undergraduate psychology and biology students received interdisciplinary training that allows them to look at the effects of an environmental pollutant on the whole organism as well as at the cellular level. Undergraduate research assistants from our laboratory have presented posters at the Annual Meeting of the Teratology Society, in Monterey, Ca., and at the 7th Annual Troy University Psychology Conference, in Troy Al., where they won first prize. Through the R15 mechanism we intend to give undergraduate students from psychology and biology the opportunity to understand research from both the behavioral and the biological perspective. With the reproductive study looking at biology and the behavioral study in our newly formed operant laboratory looking at cognitive effects, students will come to understand the relationship between the behavior of the whole organism and damage caused at the cellular level by environmental toxins. This will be give them a unique perspective of the interaction of behavior and cellular damage. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Inorganic mercury has been shown to have a detrimental effect on reproduction and cognitive abilities. Alabama is the 4th largest mercury (Hg) waste producing state with detrimental birth data that correlates with (Hg) waste distribution. We intend to investigate if a selenium diet offsets these effects and whether in-utero exposure causes neuro-behavioral deficits in offspring.

描述（由申请方提供）：子宫内氯化汞暴露对生殖和认知的影响;以及硒的改善作用。汞（Hg）暴露与不利的生殖和神经行为因素有关。亚拉巴马州是第四大无机汞（IHg）废物产生地，2008年有16，220磅汞排放到环境中。在释放最多国际汞废物的五个州中，三个州的婴儿死亡率较高，四个州的出生体重不足率较高，四个州的母亲在两年内生育第二胎的比例较低。虽然并不是所有不利的生殖数据都是由汞引起的，但亚拉巴马的IHg污染与不利生殖数据的分布之间的关联是惊人的。无机汞对月经失调、原发性低生育力和低活胎的发生率有影响。针对极早期接触无机汞的研究表明，大脑和小脑中的汞会对神经发育产生影响、造成行为缺陷并增加汞含量。硒（Se）是一种必需营养素，是女性生育力的重要因素。我们建议研究1）富硒饮食对暴露于IHg的雌性大鼠生殖的改善作用;和2）宫内暴露对后代认知和行为的影响。我们的假设是，富硒饮食减少了不利的生殖影响的IHg和在子宫内暴露于IHg是一个原因，认知缺陷的后代。这些发现可能会导致一种廉价和有效的补救措施，以减轻一些有害影响的IHg的生殖，并建立在子宫内暴露于IHg是有关的认知缺陷的后代。这可能对生活在汞污染地区的人口产生直接影响。在我们的实验室内，我们一直保持着包括本科生在我们的研究政策。为此，几个本科生在我们的研究经历了一个独特的科学遭遇。本科心理学和生物学学生接受跨学科的培训，使他们能够看到环境污染物对整个生物体以及细胞水平的影响。我们实验室的本科研究助理在加利福尼亚州蒙特雷的畸形学学会年会上展示了海报，在第七届特洛伊大学心理学年会上，在那里他们赢得了一等奖。通过R15机制，我们打算为心理学和生物学专业的本科生提供从行为和生物学角度理解研究的机会。随着生物学的生殖研究和我们新成立的操作实验室的行为研究，学生将了解整个生物体的行为与环境毒素在细胞水平上造成的损害之间的关系。这将为他们提供一个独特的视角，了解行为和细胞损伤的相互作用。公共卫生相关性：无机汞已被证明对生殖和认知能力具有有害影响。亚拉巴马是第四大汞废物生产州，有害的出生数据与汞废物分布有关。我们打算调查硒饮食是否抵消这些影响，以及宫内暴露是否会导致后代神经行为缺陷。