Oral Microbial Biomarkers in Periodontal Disease Progression

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议研究的长期目标是能够在牙周疾病出现临床症状之前诊断和预测该疾病。这解决了一个与健康相关的重大问题，因为牙周病是一种细菌感染，影响着超过一半的美国成年人人口，并导致一半的成年人牙齿脱落。虽然已知与牙周疾病部位相比，健康部位的龈下菌斑的微生物组成有显著差异，但将进展为病变部位的健康临床前部位的微生物谱尚不清楚。该建议是一项病例对照的纵向研究，将根据微生物组成或图谱确定新疾病的进展部位。为了实现这一目标，将通过使用两种高通量技术来确定微生物谱，即1)人类口腔微生物鉴定微阵列(HOMIM)，以快速识别主要的口腔微生物区系，以及2)454焦磷酸测序，以提供选定样本子集的深度测序。在这笔赠款中，将开发一个基于微生物组成的生物学模型，以预测牙周病的进展。这个模型可以用来测试新的受试者群体。最终，这项研究的结果对临床医生将能够根据微生物组成确定和治疗那些有疾病风险的牙周部位的临床应用具有很大的前景。 与公共卫生相关：牙周病是一种细菌感染，影响超过一半的美国成年人口，并导致一半的成年人牙齿脱落。这项拟议的研究将确定牙菌斑的细菌组成是否可以作为牙周病的早期预警信号。基于这些信息，牙医可以更好地治疗和预防这些疾病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the proposed research is to be able to diagnose and predict periodontal disease before there are clinical symptoms of the disease. This addresses a significant health-related problem in that periodontal diseases are bacterial infections that affect over half of the US adult population and are responsible for half of all tooth loss in adults. Although it is known that there are marked differences in the microbial composition of subgingival plaque from healthy sites as compared to those sites with periodontal disease, the microbial profiles of healthy, pre-clinical sites that will progress to diseased sites are not known. The proposal is a case-controlled, longitudinal study in which progressing sites of new disease will be identified on the basis of microbial compositions or profiles. To accomplish this goal, microbial profiles will be determined by using two high-throughput technologies, namely 1) the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) to rapidly identify the predominant oral microflora, and 2) 454 pyrosequencing to provide deep sequencing of a select subset of samples. In this grant, a biological model based on microbial compositions will be developed in order to predict periodontal disease progression. This model can be used to test new subject populations. Ultimately, the outcome of this research has great promise for bench-to-chairside applications where clinicians will be able to determine and treat those periodontal sites at risk for disease on the basis of microbial compositions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Gum diseases are bacterial infections that affect over half of the US adult population and are responsible for half of all tooth loss in adults. The proposed research will determine if the bacterial composition of dental plaque can be used as an early warning signal for gum diseases. Based on this information, dentists can better treat and prevent these diseases.