Oral Microbial Biomarkers in Periodontal Disease Progression

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的长期目标是能够在牙周病出现临床症状之前诊断和预测牙周病。这解决了一个重要的健康相关问题，因为牙周病是细菌感染，影响了一半以上的美国成年人，并导致了一半的成年人牙齿脱落。虽然已知健康部位与牙周病部位的龈下菌斑的微生物组成存在显著差异，但健康的临床前菌斑的微生物特征尚不清楚，这些菌斑将发展为患病部位。该建议是一项病例对照的纵向研究，其中将根据微生物组成或概况确定新疾病的进展部位。为了实现这一目标，微生物谱将通过使用两种高通量技术来确定，即1)人类口腔微生物鉴定微阵列（HOMIM）快速鉴定主要的口腔微生物群，以及2)454焦磷酸测序（454焦磷酸测序）提供精选样本子集的深度测序。在这项资助中，将开发一种基于微生物组成的生物学模型，以预测牙周病的进展。该模型可用于测试新的受试者群体。最终，这项研究的结果对于临床医生将能够根据微生物组成确定和治疗那些有疾病风险的牙周部位的临床应用具有很大的前景。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the proposed research is to be able to diagnose and predict periodontal disease before there are clinical symptoms of the disease. This addresses a significant health-related problem in that periodontal diseases are bacterial infections that affect over half of the US adult population and are responsible for half of all tooth loss in adults. Although it is known that there are marked differences in the microbial composition of subgingival plaque from healthy sites as compared to those sites with periodontal disease, the microbial profiles of healthy, pre-clinical sites that will progress to diseased sites are not known. The proposal is a case-controlled, longitudinal study in which progressing sites of new disease will be identified on the basis of microbial compositions or profiles. To accomplish this goal, microbial profiles will be determined by using two high-throughput technologies, namely 1) the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) to rapidly identify the predominant oral microflora, and 2) 454 pyrosequencing to provide deep sequencing of a select subset of samples. In this grant, a biological model based on microbial compositions will be developed in order to predict periodontal disease progression. This model can be used to test new subject populations. Ultimately, the outcome of this research has great promise for bench-to-chairside applications where clinicians will be able to determine and treat those periodontal sites at risk for disease on the basis of microbial compositions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Gum diseases are bacterial infections that affect over half of the US adult population and are responsible for half of all tooth loss in adults. The proposed research will determine if the bacterial composition of dental plaque can be used as an early warning signal for gum diseases. Based on this information, dentists can better treat and prevent these diseases.