Biophysical Regulation of Breast Differentiation

乳房分化的生物物理调节

• 批准号: 8204473
• 负责人: Patricia J Keely
• 金额: $ 29.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8204473
• 关键词: Accounting; Adhesions; Affect; Area; Biological Assay; Breast; Breast Carcinoma; Carcinoma; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Proliferation; Cells; Collagen; Collagen Fiber; Deposition; Environment; Epithelial Cells; Event; Extracellular Matrix; Future; Gene Expression; Genes; Health; Human; In Vitro; Incidence; Integrins; Invaded; Knockout Mice; Link; Mammary Gland Parenchyma; Mammary Neoplasms; Mammary Tumorigenesis; Mammary gland; Mammographic Density; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Microinvasive; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Neoplasm Metastasis; Noninfiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma; Outcome; PTK2 gene; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phenotype; Phosphorylation; Play; Recurrent disease; Regulation; Resistance; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Small Interfering RNA; Testing; Tissue Microarray; Tissues; Transgenic Mice; Xenograft procedure; breast density; cell behavior; collagenase; density; design; disorder risk; extracellular; human disease; in vivo; inhibitor/antagonist; knock-down; malignant breast neoplasm; mouse model; physical property; prognostic indicator; public health relevance; research study; response; small hairpin RNA; tumor; tumor progression

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An increase in the mammographic density of breast tissue is correlated to a four to six-fold increased risk of developing breast carcinoma, making it the single biggest risk factor for breast carcinoma. Despite this, the molecular mechanism by which breast density links to carcinoma formation is unknown. We have recently shown that in a mouse model of increased collagen deposition, mammary tumor incidence, invasion, and metastasis increase three-fold, suggesting that an increase in collagen per se is part of the mechanism by which increased breast density is correlated with increased risk in humans. The purpose of this proposal is to understand how physical properties of the ECM regulate breast cell behavior. Our hypothesis is that locally dense ECM enhances the formation of matrix adhesions that result in activation of signaling pathways linked to FAK, and that FAK is a central mediator by which matrix density regulates gene expression to promote proliferation and invasion. This hypothesis will be tested in the following Specific Aims: Aim 1: Define changes in the expression of proliferation and metastasis-associated genes regulated by collagen density and alignment. Gene expression of the proliferation and the metastasis gene signatures, will be determined in human breast carcinoma samples, using tissue arrays linked to patient outcome, and with DCIS and microinvasive DCIS. Metastasis genes will be screened by siRNA and shRNA knock-down for their role in mediating invasion into 3D matrices in vitro and in vivo. Aim 2: Test the hypothesis that FAK regulates proliferation and invasion in response to collagen density and alignment Tumors that are FAK-/- do not invade or metastasize in vivo, even in the context of a FAK+/+ stroma. We will use in vitro 3D invasion assays and our in vivo FAK-/- mice to investigate the role of FAK in cell proliferation, matrix alignment and 3D invasion. Conditional FAK knockout mice will be used to determine the role of FAK in enhanced tumor progression in the collagenase-resistant transgenic mouse model (Col1a1tm1Jae) having a dense collagen matrix. Phosphorylation of FAK at pY397 will be determined in mammary tissues from Col1a1 mice, mouse tumor, and human pathologic samples to determine if pY397FAK correlates to dense breast tissue in vivo. Aim 3: Test the link between collagen density, FAK and downstream signaling events, ERK, Src, and PI3K, in regulating cell proliferation and invasion. FAK-/- cells lose activation of ERK and PI3K pathways. Using pharmacologic inhibitors and siRNA/shRNA approaches, we will inhibit each of these pathways and determine their role in mediating the proliferation and invasion of human breast cells into dense and aligned collagen matrices in vitro. Xenografts of human carcinoma, and mice bearing tumors in wt and dense collagen stroma (Col1a1 mouse model) will be treated in vivo with pharmacologic inhibitors to test the role of these molecules in tumor progression in vivo. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Understanding the role the physical properties of the extracellular matrix plays in cancer progression is of great health relevance as breast density accounts for a 4-6 fold increase in carcinoma risk. Moreover, we have found that collagen alignment carries a 5 fold risk of disease relapse, suggesting that understanding how collagen alignment occurs, and how it contributes to progression will help us understand breast carcinoma. These experiments are designed to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the dense extracellular matrix regulates breast cell behavior and invasion and progression, and could suggest future targets for therapy.

描述（由申请人提供）：乳房组织的乳房X线摄影密度的增加与增加乳腺癌的风险增加了4至6倍，这使其成为乳腺癌的唯一最大风险因素。尽管如此，乳腺密度与形成癌的分子机制尚不清楚。我们最近表明，在胶原沉积增加，乳腺肿瘤发病率，侵袭和转移增加三倍的小鼠模型中，胶原蛋白本身的增加是乳腺癌增加与人类风险增加相关的机制的一部分。该建议的目的是了解ECM的物理特性如何调节乳腺细胞行为。我们的假设是，局部致密的ECM增强了基质粘附的形成，从而激活与FAK相关的信号通路，而FAK是一种中心介体，矩阵密度通过该介体调节基因表达以促进增殖和侵袭。该假设将在以下特定目的中进行检验：目标1：定义由胶原密度和比对调节的增殖和转移相关基因的表达变化。增殖和转移基因特征的基因表达将在人类乳腺癌样品中，使用与患者结局相关的组织阵列以及DCIS和DCIS和微侵袭性DCIS确定。 siRNA和shRNA敲除了将其在体外和体内介导为3D矩阵中的作用，将筛选转移基因。目标2：检验以下假设，即FAK对胶原蛋白的密度和对齐肿瘤的反应，即即使在FAK+/+基质的背景下，也不会在体内侵入或转移。我们将使用体外3D浸润测定法和我们的体内FAK - / - 小鼠研究FAK在细胞增殖，基质比对和3D侵袭中的作用。有条件的FAK基因敲除小鼠将用于确定FAK在具有致密胶原蛋白基质的胶原酶耐药性转基因小鼠模型（COL1A1TM1JAE）中的肿瘤进展中的作用。 PY397处FAK的磷酸化将在COL1A1小鼠，小鼠肿瘤和人类病理样品的乳腺组织中确定，以确定PY397FAK是否与体内密集的乳房组织相关。 AIM 3：在调节细胞增殖和侵袭中，测试胶原密度，FAK和下游信号事件（ERK，SRC和PI3K）之间的联系。 FAK - / - 细胞失去ERK和PI3K途径的激活。使用药理学抑制剂和siRNA/shRNA方法，我们将抑制这些途径中的每一种，并确定它们在将人类乳腺细胞的增殖和侵袭中的作用中确定为在体外密集且对齐的胶原蛋白矩阵中。人类癌的异种移植物和在WT和致密胶原基质（COL1A1小鼠模型）中携带肿瘤的小鼠将在体内用药理学抑制剂治疗，以测试这些分子在体内肿瘤进展中的作用。 公共卫生相关性：了解细胞外基质在癌症进展中的物理特性具有很大的健康相关性，因为乳房密度占癌风险的4-6倍。此外，我们发现胶原蛋白对齐具有5倍的疾病复发风险，这表明了解胶原蛋白如何发生以及它如何促进进展将有助于我们了解乳腺癌。这些实验旨在理解潜在的分子机制，通过这些机制，密集的细胞外基质调节乳房细胞的行为以及侵袭和进展，并可能建议未来的治疗靶标。