Imaging Individual Differences in Risk Taking

想象冒险中的个体差异

• 批准号: 8048324
• 负责人: Hengyi Rao
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8048324
• 关键词: Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain imaging; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cocaine; Cocaine Dependence; Cocaine Users; Core-Binding Factor; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Disease; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Economic Inflation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Neurobiology; Participant; Patients; Performance; Perfusion; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Psychometrics; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Rest; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Spin Labels; Substance abuse problem; Task Performances; Testing; addiction; analog; base; dopamine system; drug abuser; drug addict; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; relating to nervous system; response; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Excessive risk taking underlies a range of pathological conditions, including drug addiction. Individual differences in risk taking may be an important determinant of both vulnerability to addiction and response to therapy, yet little is known about the neural basis underlying such differential vulnerability. Risk taking performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) paradigm showed robust and reliable individual difference, suggesting that BART performance may be representative of an individual's risk taking behavior phenotype. Using fMRI with the BART, our preliminary data has demonstrated that subjects' risk taking performance negatively correlated with the mesolimbic activation. This project will begin to evaluate the utility of both BOLD and ASL perfusion fMRI for characterizing the neural basis of inter-individual differences in risk taking in both healthy subjects and patients with cocaine addiction. While regional brain function will be assessed during the BART, this study will also explore the capability of characterizing individual risk taking phenotype based on measures of resting brain function that are independent of task context. The new knowledge gained from this study will have relevance for understanding and managing excessive risk taking in drug addiction and other impaired risk behaviors, and future studies may incorporate these measures as predictors of vulnerability or treatment response in substance abuse disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Excessive risk taking and poor decision making is a hallmark behavioral phenotype of drug abusers and addicts. Although it is widely known that individuals differ in their vulnerability to drug abuse and other risk taking behaviors, little is known about the neurobiological basis underlying such individual differences. This project will use multimodal brain imaging techniques and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) paradigm to evaluate neural predictors of differential risk behavior phenotype in both healthy subjects and patients with cocaine addiction, and identify why some people are excessively risk-seeking that may be associated with vulnerability to drug abuse and addiction.

描述（由申请人提供）：过度冒险是一系列病理条件的基础，包括吸毒成瘾。风险承担的个体差异可能是成瘾和治疗反应的重要决定因素，但对这种差异脆弱性的神经基础知之甚少。在气球锚定风险任务（BART）范式上的冒险表现显示出稳健和可靠的个体差异，表明BART表现可能代表个体的冒险行为表型。利用功能磁共振成像与BART，我们的初步数据表明，受试者的冒险表现与中脑边缘激活呈负相关。本项目将开始评估BOLD和ASL灌注功能磁共振成像的效用，以表征健康受试者和可卡因成瘾患者个体间风险行为差异的神经基础。虽然在BART期间将评估区域脑功能，但本研究还将探索基于独立于任务背景的静息脑功能测量来表征个体冒险表型的能力。从这项研究中获得的新知识将与理解和管理药物成瘾和其他受损风险行为中的过度冒险有关，未来的研究可能会将这些措施作为药物滥用障碍中脆弱性或治疗反应的预测因子。 公共卫生相关性：过度冒险和糟糕的决策是药物滥用者和成瘾者的标志性行为表型。虽然众所周知，个体在药物滥用和其他冒险行为方面的脆弱性不同，但对这种个体差异的神经生物学基础知之甚少。该项目将使用多模态脑成像技术和气球Anglomerate风险任务（BART）范式来评估健康受试者和可卡因成瘾患者的差异风险行为表型的神经预测因子，并确定为什么有些人过度寻求风险，这可能与药物滥用和成瘾的脆弱性有关。