Fish oil for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer

鱼油预防和治疗卵巢癌

• 批准号: 8203398
• 负责人: DALE B HALES
• 金额: $ 7.28万
• 依托单位: SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8203398
• 关键词: 1 year old; Affect; Aging; Animal Model; Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptotic; Cancer Etiology; Cessation of life; Colon Carcinoma; Consumption; Diagnosis; Diet; Dietary Intervention; Disease; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Dose; Early Diagnosis; Effectiveness; Eicosanoids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Epithelial ovarian cancer; Etiology; Fatty Acids; Fish Oils; Fishes; Flax; Foundations; High Prevalence; Incidence; Inflammation; Intervention; Longevity; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of ovary; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Meat; Modality; Modeling; Molecular Target; Neoplasm Metastasis; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Ovarian Carcinoma; Oxidative Stress; Pathway interactions; Perimenopause; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Property; Prostaglandins; Reporting; Research; Screening procedure; Severities; Site; Source; Staging; Surrogate Endpoint; Survival Rate; Testing; United States; Variant; Vegetables; Woman; base; cancer risk; cancer therapy; conventional therapy; dietary supplements; effective therapy; feeding; functional food; human disease; innovation; insight; interest; malignant breast neoplasm; ovarian cancer prevention; prevent

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of the gynecological malignancies and the 5th leading cause of cancer death in women. The etiology of ovarian cancer is poorly understood and there are no suitable early detection markers. Due to the late stage at which the disease is usually diagnosed the survival rate is very low and conventional treatment modalities or intervention strategies are usually ineffective. A diet which is high in meats and low in vegetables may be correlated with increased ovarian cancer incidence. An imbalance of omega 3 (OM-3FA) and omega 6 (OM-6FA) fatty acids contributes to excess cancer risk. Studies indicate that populations that consume high amounts of OM-3FA have lower incidences of breast, prostate and colon cancers than do those that consume less OM-3FA. Thus increasing the consumption of OM-3FA may be a nontoxic way to prevent ovarian cancer, augment cancer therapy and to significantly increase life span. Fish oil is an excellent source of long chain OM-3FA which have been shown to have anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in certain cancers. An effective treatment or dietary intervention that significantly reduces the progression of ovarian cancer has the potential for turning ovarian cancer into a disease that women die WITH not from. The proposed studies will test the effectiveness of a fish oil supplemented diet in the suppression and prevention of ovarian cancer, and examine the mechanism of action of omega-3 fatty acids using the laying hen as a model of ovarian carcinoma. With the exception of the aging hen, there are no other animal models of spontaneous epithelial ovarian cancer that mimic the human disease. We hypothesize that a fish oil supplemented diet will cause a significant reduction in the incidence and severity of ovarian carcinoma in the laying hen. Identification of molecular targets whose expression is affected by fish oil will provide insight into the mechanism of action of omega-3 fatty acids, and may provide new understanding to the etiology of ovarian cancer. These studies will provide the foundation for developing functional food based dietary intervention for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer in women. Two Specific Aims are proposed based on the innovative use of the laying hen model of ovarian cancer: Aim 1) to determine the optimum dose of fish oil by assessing the effects on surrogate endpoints in hens; Aim 2) to determine the effect of the optimal dose of fish oil on the suppression and prevention of ovarian cancer in old laying hens prone to high prevalence of cancer. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Research into ovarian cancer, a highly lethal disease, has been limited by the lack of suitable animal models, because, with the exception of the laying hen, no other animals are inflicted with the same type of ovarian cancer that affects women. Using the hen as our model we will investigate the fish oil supplemented diet as a way to prevent and suppress ovarian cancer.

描述（由申请人提供）：卵巢癌是妇科恶性肿瘤中最致命的，是女性癌症死亡的第五大原因。卵巢癌的病因学知之甚少，没有合适的早期检测标记物。 由于该疾病通常被诊断为晚期，存活率非常低，常规治疗方式或干预策略通常无效。高肉类和低蔬菜的饮食可能与卵巢癌发病率增加有关。欧米茄3（OM-3FA）和欧米茄6（OM-6 FA）脂肪酸的不平衡导致癌症风险过高。研究表明，摄入大量OM-3FA的人群比摄入较少OM-3FA的人群乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结肠癌的发病率更低。因此，增加OM-3FA的消耗可能是预防卵巢癌、增强癌症治疗和显著延长寿命的无毒方式。鱼油是长链OM-3FA的极好来源，已显示其在某些癌症中具有抗增殖和促凋亡活性。一种有效的治疗或饮食干预，显着减少卵巢癌的进展有可能把卵巢癌变成一种疾病，妇女死亡与不从。拟议的研究将测试鱼油补充饮食在抑制和预防卵巢癌方面的有效性，并使用蛋鸡作为卵巢癌模型来检查omega-3脂肪酸的作用机制。除了衰老的母鸡，没有其他自发性上皮性卵巢癌的动物模型可以模仿人类疾病。我们推测，鱼油补充饮食将导致显着降低卵巢癌的发病率和严重程度的蛋鸡。确定其表达受鱼油影响的分子靶点将有助于深入了解omega-3脂肪酸的作用机制，并可能为卵巢癌的病因学提供新的认识。这些研究将为开发基于功能性食品的膳食干预以预防和治疗女性卵巢癌提供基础。基于卵巢癌蛋鸡模型的创新使用，提出了两个具体目的：目的1）通过评估对母鸡替代终点的影响来确定鱼油的最佳剂量;目的2）确定鱼油的最佳剂量对抑制和预防易患癌症的高龄蛋鸡卵巢癌的影响。 公共卫生相关性：卵巢癌是一种高度致命的疾病，由于缺乏合适的动物模型，对卵巢癌的研究受到限制，因为除了产蛋母鸡之外，没有其他动物会患上影响妇女的同类卵巢癌。使用母鸡作为我们的模型，我们将研究鱼油补充饮食作为预防和抑制卵巢癌的一种方法。