Building Capacity for State-Based Occupational Health Surveillance

国家职业健康监测能力建设

• 批准号: 8159612
• 负责人: Robert J Harrison
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: COUNCIL OF STATE & TERRITORIAL EPIDEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8159612
• 关键词: Building; Capacity; State; Based; Occupational

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Occupational injuries and illnesses are significant public health problems. However, these injuries and illnesses can be prevented. In order to make workplaces healthier and safer, health agencies must obtain the information necessary to fully understand the problem. Occupational health surveillance provides essential information to inform research priorities, target and design prevention activities, and monitor progress in meeting prevention goals. Because many gaps exist in national systems, state health agencies have a crucial role to play both in filling these gaps and in guiding local prevention efforts. To advance occupational health at the state level, there is a need to mentor state-based surveillance programs newly funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); enhance collaboration and synergism among all 23 NIOSH funded state supported programs; and promote development of occupational health expertise and surveillance efforts in all states across the nation. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) is an organization of member states and territories and represents the perspective of epidemiologists working in state and local governments in the practice of public health. A primary goal of CSTE is to establish more effective relationships among state and territorial epidemiologists and other health agencies. CSTE has a long history of collaboration with NIOSH and the states in working to develop occupational health surveillance capacity in the states. CSTE is proposing to build on this history to: advance surveillance capacity through occupational health indicators and joint surveillance projects; advocate for inclusion of occupational health considerations on the broader public health agenda through position statements; develop and disseminate surveillance guidance, success stories, and enhance access to state occupational health information via the CSTE website; update technical guidance for conducting occupational health surveillance; plan, organize, conduct, and evaluate scientific meetings and workshops to support NIOSH funded and unfunded state occupational health surveillance programs, and; promote state, regional, and nationwide collaboration to increase occupational health surveillance capacity in the U.S. This proposal will address the identified need to increase state capacity in occupational health and to integrate it into general public health practice. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Relevance to Public Health Injuries in the workplace, both fatal and nonfatal, are preventable. Each year in the U.S., four of every 100 full-time workers, approximately 4.4 million individuals, sustain injuries, and over 5,200 workers die from workplace injuries (BLS, 2010). Although there is a comprehensive national surveillance system for fatal occupational injuries, the current nationwide system for surveillance of occupational illnesses and nonfatal occupational injuries has substantial gaps (Azaroff, 2002) and there have been recent calls for improvement (IOM & NRC, 2009; USHR, 2008) and capacity building for occupational health surveillance. States, which have legal authority to require disease reporting and collect health data, have a crucial role to play in both filling these gaps in the national system and generating information necessary to guide state and local efforts to protect the safety and health of working people (CSTE, 2001).

描述（由申请人提供）： 职业伤害和疾病是重大的公共卫生问题。然而，这些伤害和疾病是可以预防的。为了使工作场所更健康、更安全，卫生机构必须获取必要的信息以充分了解问题。职业健康监测提供重要信息，为研究重点、目标和设计预防活动以及监测实现预防目标的进展提供信息。由于国家系统存在许多差距，州卫生机构在填补这些差距和指导地方预防工作方面发挥着至关重要的作用。为了在州一级促进职业健康，需要指导国家职业安全与健康研究所 (NIOSH) 新资助的州级监测项目；加强所有 23 个 NIOSH 资助的国家支持项目之间的合作和协同作用；促进全国各州职业健康专业知识的发展和监测工作。 州和地区流行病学家委员会 (CSTE) 是一个由成员国和地区组成的组织，代表州和地方政府流行病学家在公共卫生实践中的观点。 CSTE 的主要目标是在州和地区流行病学家以及其他卫生机构之间建立更有效的关系。 CSTE 与 NIOSH 和各州有着悠久的合作历史，致力于发展各州的职业健康监测能力。 CSTE 建议在这段历史的基础上： 通过职业健康指标和联合监测项目提高监测能力；通过立场声明倡导将职业健康考虑纳入更广泛的公共卫生议程；制定和传播监测指南、成功案例，并通过 CSTE 网站加强对国家职业健康信息的获取；更新进行职业健康监测的技术指南；规划、组织、开展和评估科学会议和研讨会，以支持 NIOSH 资助和未资助的州职业健康监测计划；促进州、地区和全国范围内的合作，以提高美国的职业健康监测能力。该提案将解决已确定的提高国家职业健康能力并将其纳入一般公共卫生实践的需求。 公共卫生相关性：与公共健康的相关性 工作场所的伤害，无论是致命的还是非致命的，都是可以预防的。在美国，每年每 100 名全职工人中就有 4 人（约 440 万人）受伤，超过 5,200 名工人死于工伤（BLS，2010）。尽管国家有一个全面的致命职业伤害监测系统，但目前全国职业病和非致命职业伤害监测系统还存在很大差距（Azaroff，2002），最近有人呼吁改进（IOM & NRC，2009；USHR，2008）和职业健康监测能力建设。各州拥有要求疾病报告和收集健康数据的法定权力，在填补国家系统中的这些空白和生成必要的信息以指导州和地方努力保护劳动人民的安全和健康方面可以发挥至关重要的作用（CSTE，2001）。