Early Indicators of Later Work Levels, Disease and Death - Competitive Revision

后期工作水平、疾病和死亡的早期指标 - 竞争性修订

• 批准号: 8018255
• 负责人: ROBERT W FOGEL
• 金额: $ 45.84万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-30 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8018255
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Censuses; Cessation of life; Cicatrix; Cohort Studies; Color; Communicable Diseases; Comorbidity; Data; Data Set; Developing Countries; Disease; Ecological Change; Economics; Elderly; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Family member; Funding; Future; Goals; Government; Health; Income; Individual; Lead; Left; Life; Life Expectancy; Link; Living Arrangement; Low income; Measures; Military Personnel; Mortality Determinants; Nutritional status; Outcome; Pensions; Population; Records; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Retirement; Running; Sampling; Scientist; Services; Shapes; Shock; Social Conditions; Social Security; Source; Surgeon; Survivors; System; Testing; Time; Work; caucasian American; cohort; coping; critical period; disability; early childhood; health disparity; in utero; insight; interest; life history; low socioeconomic status; medical examination; men; middle age; mortality; parent grant; programs; residence; socioeconomics; sociologist; trend; web site

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this revision is to create a public use data set that will enable researchers to overcome the critical barrier to understanding long-run trends in the health of African Americans - lack of data. Over 85 percent of the requested funding is for the creation of a longitudinal data set of 21,000 African American recruits who served in the Union Army. These data provide an unusually rich source of health and socioeconomic information on the cohort of African Americans who reached age 65 circa 1910. Together with an extant sample of 6,000 men already created by this program project, the total sample of African American recruits will be 27,000. The overall analytical aims of this revision are: 1) Establish how this cohort of African Americans fared on a number of health measures, including co-morbidities, at older ages; 2) Compare the health of this cohort of African Americans with the same cohort of white Americans to understand the extent of health disparities at the beginning of the twentieth century and to determine whether health insults left a permanent scar or led to the selection of the hardiest Individuals at late ages; 3) Investigate how differences in exposure to infectious disease, differences in nutritional status, and socioeconomic differentials contributed to any observed health disparities at older ages; 4) Investigate the relative importance of health insults at a young age, middle age, and at old ages, and the interactive effects of these health insults, to the health and mortality of this cohort of African Americans; 5) Investigate how an unearned government income transfer affected how a very poor population (as was true of the African American cohort studied) coped with aging prior to the availability of a social security system. This revision will help fulfill the overarching purpose of the parent grant, which is to gain a more precise understanding of the trajectory of aging for the populations of the first third of twenty-first century that are longer-lived, more affluent, and more urban than their predecessors. It will accomplish this goal by building on the parent grant's incorporation of under-represented groups in the Union Army sample. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This revision will provide evidence on how the shapes of mortality and health trajectories of African Americans evolved over time, during an era that was marked by diverse and rapidly changing ecological, economic, and social conditions. This revision can provide insights into future trends in life expectancy and in the health and disability of the elderly both in the US and in developing countries.

描述（由申请人提供）：本次修订的主要目标是创建一个公共使用数据集，使研究人员能够克服了解非裔美国人健康长期趋势的关键障碍-缺乏数据。超过85%的申请资金用于创建一个纵向数据集，其中包括在联邦军队服役的21，000名非洲裔美国人新兵。这些数据提供了关于1910年左右达到65岁的非裔美国人队列的健康和社会经济信息的异常丰富的来源。加上这个方案项目已经建立的6 000名男子的现有样本，非洲裔美国人新兵的样本总数将达到27 000人。本次修订的总体分析目标是：1）确定这一队列的非裔美国人在老年时如何进行一些健康措施，包括合并症;（二）将这组非裔美国人的健康状况与同一组白色美国人的健康状况进行比较，以了解20世纪初健康差距的程度，并确定健康损害是否留下了永久性的伤疤或导致了疾病。3）调查感染性疾病暴露的差异、营养状况的差异和社会经济差异如何导致老年人的健康差异; 4）调查年轻、中年和老年人健康损害的相对重要性，以及这些健康损害的相互影响，5）调查政府的不劳而获的收入转移如何影响一个非常贫困的人口（如所研究的非洲裔美国人队列）如何应对社会保障制度之前的老龄化。这一修订将有助于实现父母补助金的首要目的，即更准确地了解二十一世纪前三分之一人口的老龄化轨迹，这些人口比他们的前辈更长寿，更富裕，更城市化。它将通过在联邦军队样本中纳入代表性不足的群体的母公司赠款的基础上实现这一目标。 公共卫生关系：这次修订将提供证据，说明非裔美国人的死亡率和健康轨迹的形状如何随着时间的推移而演变，在一个以多样化和快速变化的生态，经济和社会条件为标志的时代。这一修订可以为美国和发展中国家的预期寿命以及老年人健康和残疾的未来趋势提供见解。