Early Indicators of Later Work Levels, Disease and Death

后期工作水平、疾病和死亡的早期指标

• 批准号: 7775080
• 负责人: ROBERT W FOGEL
• 金额: $ 186.19万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-30 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7775080
• 关键词: Accounting; Age; Aging-Related Process; Baby Booms; Back; Cessation of life; Cities; Collection; Data; Data Set; Death Rate; Disease; Economics; Environment; Exposure to; Foundations; Generations; Health; Health Status; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Life Tables; Longevity; Morbidity - disease rate; Parents; Population; Process; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Soldier; Stress; Time; Ursidae Family; Veterans; War; Work; World War I; base; cohort; cost; data management; experience; grandparent; mortality; programs; rural area; social; socioeconomics; ward; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The foundation of this revised competitive resubmission of the Early Indicators of Later Work Levels, Disease and Death (El) program project is the discovery in 2004 that disparities in health and mortality across the wards of the major US cities in 1900 were not only far greater (on the order of 10-to-1) than recognized, but that 84% of the disparities between the worst and best wards had diminished by 1950. When the analysis was pushed back into the 19th century, it was discovered that young adult death rates in the 17 largest cities of 1860, when analyzed longitudinally, were far higher than previously revealed by period life tables. Union Army (UA) recruits from these cities who survived the Civil War had die off rates so high that their experience is characterized by life tables with eo of about 28.6 years, which is about 17.7 years less than life expectancy in rural areas. The explanation of the disparity within and across cities, as well as across rural areas, and the social, economic, and biodemographic factors that lead to the amelioration of these disparities between 1830 and 1950 requires the creation of a data set with ecological variables capable of explaining the process. The collection and management of these data account for three-fourths of the cost of this program project. Four analytical projects initiate the analysis of the new data: Project 1 will analyze how the socioeconomic and health status of UA soldiers and veterans interacted with each other over the life course, stressing interactions across different sub-populations and times. Project 2 focuses on those veterans who lived to be age 95 or older (the last 2% of the cohort) comparing their aging processes with those born just before World War I and investigating whether the effects of earlier life environmental stress persist even to very old ages. Project 3 analyses the impact of exposure to severe within urban environments over different spans of the life course on the process of aging. Project 4 deals with the differences across urban and rural areas in the process of aging.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项修订后的竞争性重新提交后期工作水平、疾病和死亡（El）项目的早期指标的基础是2004年的发现，即1900年美国主要城市病房之间的健康和死亡率差距不仅远远大于（按10比1的顺序），而且到1950年，最差和最好病房之间的差距减少了84%。当这项分析被推回到19世纪时，人们发现，在纵向分析1860年17个最大城市的年轻人死亡率时，远远高于之前由周期生命表显示的水平。从这些城市中幸存下来的联邦军队（UA）新兵的死亡率如此之高，以至于他们的寿命表显示，他们的平均寿命约为28.6岁，比农村地区的平均寿命少17.7岁。要解释城市内部和城市之间以及农村地区之间的差异，以及导致1830年至1950年间这些差异改善的社会、经济和生物人口因素，需要创建一个包含能够解释这一过程的生态变量的数据集。这些数据的收集和管理占该项目成本的四分之三。四个分析项目启动了对新数据的分析：项目1将分析UA士兵和退伍军人的社会经济和健康状况在整个生命过程中如何相互作用，强调不同亚人群和时间之间的相互作用。项目二关注那些活到95岁或以上的退伍军人（最后2%的队列），将他们的衰老过程与一战前出生的人进行比较，并调查早年环境压力的影响是否会持续到很老的年龄。项目3分析了不同生命周期暴露于城市恶劣环境对衰老过程的影响。项目4研究城市和农村在老龄化过程中的差异。