Personality disorders, decision making and sexual risk behaviors

人格障碍、决策和性危险行为

• 批准号: 8265333
• 负责人: Ramani S Durvasula
• 金额: $ 35.71万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-22 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8265333
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adherence; Adult; Affect; Affective; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anus; Attention; Back; Behavioral; Borderline Personality Disorder; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Communities; Contracts; DSM-IV; Data; Databases; Decision Making; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Disinhibition; Drug usage; Enrollment; Equation; Event; Figs - dietary; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Funding; Gender; Geography; Goals; Grant; HIV; Health; Impulsivity; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Interview; Literature; Manuscripts; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Personality; Personality Disorders; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention program; Process; Psychopathology; Psychosocial Factor; Publications; Publishing; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; Severities; Sex Behavior; Sex Orientation; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Time; TimeLine; Treatment Efficacy; Vagina; Visit; Woman; Work; cohort; disorder risk; executive function; experience; follow-up; high risk behavior; high risk sexual behavior; indexing; intervention program; men; operation; programs; public health relevance; sex; sex risk; sexually active

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the role of major psychopathology has been addressed in the literature on sexual risk, relatively less attention has been placed on the personality disorders (PD). The chronic nature of the interpersonal dysfunction, impulsivity, and impaired decision making that characterize these disorders suggest that PD is an important predictor of sexual risk behavior engagement both prior to and after becoming infected with HIV. The present study builds upon the work generated by the Health Adherence Research Project (NIGMS S06 GM08101; Durvasula - PI), which suggests PD is a risk factor for riskier sexual practices. The proposed study will enroll a sample of 200 HIV+ and 200 HIV- sexually active adults (total N = 400), stratified by gender and sexual orientation and examine the relationship between psychopathology, particularly PD, and sexual risk behaviors. In addition, the intervening role of decision making on the PD-risk relationship will be examined. PD and major psychopathology will be assessed using multiple measures including structured psychiatric interviews. Sexual risk behaviors and drug and alcohol use will be assessed using a Time Line Follow-back (TLFB) Interview, a technique which will provide event level analysis of sexual behaviors, partners and contexts. Participants will be seen twice over 3 months, with psychiatric assessment administered at the baseline visit, and the TLFB administered at the 3 month follow-up. Given the hypothesized multi-determined nature of sexual behavior, multivariate techniques including Structural Equation Modeling using the EQS approach, MANOVA and regression will be used to test the simultaneous relationships between predictors, mediators and outcome. By describing this relationship using carefully elaborated indices of sexual risk in an urban, diverse sample, and identifying mechanisms by which PD and psychopathology influence sexual risk, particularly decision making, intervention programs can be developed which target the specific antecedents of risk experienced by this persons with PD. This grant will also further the development of the PI as an independent investigator and position her to pursue R34 and R01 level funding to continue this line of research. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Understanding predictors of sexual risk behaviors is instrumental in the development of HIV intervention and prevention programs. Using a detailed assessment of sexual behavior and psychopathology, this study will describe the interrelated role of personality disorders, major psychopathology, and decision making on sexual risk in HIV+ and HIV- men and women.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然主要精神病理学的作用已在性风险文献中得到解决，但相对较少关注人格障碍（PD）。这些疾病的特征是人际功能障碍、冲动和决策障碍，这些疾病的慢性性质表明，PD是感染艾滋病毒前后性风险行为参与的重要预测因素。本研究建立在健康依从性研究项目（NIGMS S 06 GM 08101; Durvasula-PI）的工作基础上，该项目表明PD是风险较高的性行为的风险因素。这项拟议的研究将招募200名HIV+和200名HIV-性活跃的成年人（总N = 400），按性别和性取向分层，并检查精神病理学，特别是PD和性风险行为之间的关系。此外，干预作用的决策对PD风险的关系将进行检查。PD和主要精神病理学将使用多种措施进行评估，包括结构化精神病学访谈。将使用时间线跟踪（TLFB）访谈评估性风险行为以及药物和酒精使用，该技术将提供性行为，伴侣和背景的事件水平分析。参与者将在3个月内接受两次随访，在基线访视时进行精神评估，并在3个月随访时进行TLFB。鉴于性行为的假设多决定性质，将使用多变量技术（包括使用EQS方法的结构方程模型、MANOVA和回归）来测试预测因子、介导因子和结局之间的同时关系。通过描述这种关系，使用精心设计的指数在城市，不同的样本，性风险，并确定机制，PD和精神病理学影响性风险，特别是决策，干预计划可以开发的目标是具体的前因经历的风险，这个人与PD。这笔赠款还将进一步发展PI作为一个独立的调查员，并定位她追求R34和R 01级资金，继续这条线的研究。 公共卫生关系：了解性风险行为的预测因素有助于制定艾滋病毒干预和预防计划。通过对性行为和精神病理学的详细评估，本研究将描述人格障碍、主要精神病理学和HIV阳性和HIV阴性男性和女性性风险决策的相互作用。