The Neurobehavioral Processes of Motor Inhibition

运动抑制的神经行为过程

• 批准号: 8394666
• 负责人: Kristina Anne Neely
• 金额: $ 5.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-16 至 2013-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8394666
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Biomedical Research; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Deep Brain Stimulation; Development; Disease; Dopamine Agonists; Drops; Exhibits; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gilles de la Tourette syndrome; Goals; Grant; Health; Huntington Disease; Imaging Techniques; Impulse Control Disorders; Impulsivity; Inferior; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor output; Movement; Muscle; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neurology; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcomes Research; Output; Parkinson Disease; Pathological Gambling; Patients; Performance; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Population; Process; Production; Relative (related person); Research; Schizophrenia; Scientist; Severity of illness; Signal Transduction; Staging; Structure; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; Task Performances; Testing; Training; Verbal Behavior; Work; blood oxygen level dependent; career; cognitive control; cognitive function; experience; flexibility; frontal lobe; grasp; improved; innovation; neurobehavioral; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatry; novel; prevent; programs; response; skills; trait; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal examines the neural mechanisms underlying action inhibition, which is the cancelation of an initiated motor response. Healthy adults exhibit flexible motor behavior whereas adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience difficulty inhibiting action. In particular, PD patients demonstrate a specific deficit turning off muscle activity. The goal of this mentored grant is twofold: 1) to develop a clear understanding about how brain activity, brain connectivity, and cognitive function are related to the cancelation of an initiated motor response in health and PD, and 2) to provide Dr. Neely with a foundation for a career as an independent biomedical research scientist. We will use a novel grip force inhibition paradigm wherein we will simultaneously measure grip force and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We will pursue three specific aims. Aim 1 examines the BOLD signal and functional connectivity when grip force is inhibited in predictable versus unpredictable force amplitude conditions. Aim 2 examines the BOLD signal and functional connectivity when grip force is inhibited in high force versus low force amplitude conditions. Aim 3 examines the BOLD signal and functional connectivity when adults with early-stage PD inhibit predictable, moderate-amplitude grip force. In all three Aims, we will administer tests of cognitive function and trait impulsivity. The proposed work is significant because it increases our understanding of how brain activity and connectivity are altered by the predictability and amplitude of force output. Moreover, the research contributes to a greater understanding of how impaired action inhibition correlates with brain activity and connectivity in adults with PD. This research is innovative because we will examine how trait impulsivity and cognitive control correlate with behavioral performance, brain activity, and brain connectivity. Further, we will examine how disease severity in PD correlates with behavioral performance, brain activity, and brain connectivity. Such knowledge facilitates the development of surgical and pharmaceutical interventions that target specific cortical and subcortical areas related to inhibiting and/or stopping motor output. The outcomes of this research will motivate the next phase of Dr. Neely's research program, which is to understand how antiparkinson treatments such as deep brain stimulation and dopamine agonists alter the neural mechanisms underlying action inhibition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This proposal examines the neural mechanisms underlying action inhibition. Action inhibition is the cancelation of an initiated motor response and is essential to many motor tasks. This research will contribute to an improved understanding of how the brain inhibits movement in healthy young adults and in adults with early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). This is important because in addition to PD, impaired action inhibition is a characteristic of many neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, and schizophrenia.

描述(由申请人提供)：这项提案研究了潜在的神经机制的动作抑制，这是取消启动的运动反应。健康的成年人表现出灵活的运动行为，而患有帕金森氏病(PD)的成年人则难以抑制动作。特别是，帕金森病患者表现出一种特定的缺陷关闭 肌肉活动。这个辅导性奖助金的目标有两个：1)明确了解大脑活动、大脑连通性和认知功能与取消的关系 2)为Neely博士作为独立生物医学研究科学家的职业生涯奠定了基础。我们将使用一种新的握力抑制范式，其中我们将使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)同时测量握力和血氧水平依赖(BOLD)活动。我们将追求三个具体目标。目标1研究了在可预测和不可预测的力幅条件下，当握力被抑制时，大胆的信号和功能连接。目的2研究当握力在高力和低力幅度条件下被抑制时，大胆的信号和功能连接。目的3研究成人早期帕金森病患者抑制可预测的、中等幅度的握力时，大胆的信号和功能连接。在所有这三个目标中，我们将进行认知功能和特质冲动的测试。这项拟议的工作意义重大，因为它增加了我们对大脑活动和连接性如何因力输出的可预测性和幅度而改变的理解。此外，这项研究有助于更好地理解行动抑制受损与成年帕金森病患者的大脑活动和连接性之间的关系。这项研究是创新的，因为我们将研究特征冲动性和认知控制如何与行为表现、大脑活动和大脑连接相关。此外，我们将研究帕金森病的严重程度如何与行为表现、脑活动和脑连通性相关。这些知识促进了外科和药物干预的发展，这些干预针对与抑制和/或停止运动输出有关的特定皮质和皮质下区域。这项研究的结果将推动尼利博士下一阶段的研究计划，即了解深部脑刺激和多巴胺激动剂等抗帕金森疗法如何改变潜在的神经行为抑制机制。 与公共健康相关：这项建议审查了潜在的行动抑制的神经机制。动作抑制是对启动的运动反应的取消，对许多运动任务是必不可少的。这项研究将有助于更好地理解健康的年轻人和患有早期帕金森氏症(PD)的成年人的大脑如何抑制运动。这一点很重要，因为除了帕金森病外，动作抑制受损也是许多神经和神经精神疾病的特征，如亨廷顿病、多发性抽动症和精神分裂症。