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Genes, Gendered Contexts, and Substance Use Outcomes

基因、性别背景和药物使用结果

基本信息

批准号：
8298516
负责人：
EDELYN VERONA
金额：
$ 18.36万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-07-15 至 2014-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8298516
关键词：
Address Adolescent Adult Alcohol or Other Drugs use Behavior Biological Biology Brain Child Abuse Child Sexual Abuse Childhood Country Crime DRD4 gene Data Development Disadvantaged Drug abuse Drug usage Economics Education Electroencephalography Environment Environmental Risk Factor Etiology Female Future Gender Gene Expression Genes Genetic Genotype Goals Individual Intervention Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Depression Modeling Monoamine Oxidase A Neighborhoods Outcome Outcome Measure Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacological Treatment Prostitution Psychopathology Psychophysiology Recording of previous events Relative (related person)Research Risk Factors Rosa Sex Characteristics Social Problems Specific qualifier value Symptoms Woman Work anti social drug relapse follow-up innovation intimate partner violence male men monoamine neuromechanism offspring prospective psychosocial serotonin transporter sex statistics treatment program trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is becoming increasingly clear that risk factors for use and trajectories toward desistance may differ significantly for men and women (e.g., Westermeyer & Boedicker, 2000). For example, recent work has uncovered different effects of monoamine genotypes (e.g., serotonin transporter, MAO-A) on male and female psychopathology and behavior (Sjoberg et al., 2007a; Verona, Joiner, Johnson & Bender, 2006). In addition, there is evidence that pubertal onset, childhood sexual abuse, and intimate partner violence (IPV) constitute unique risk factors for antisocial behavior and drug use among women compared to men (Dick, Rose, Kaprio, & Viken, 2000) and can predict drug relapse in women many years later in adulthood (Hyman, Garcia, & Sinha, 2006). Thus, a primary goal of the present application is to identify gender differences in biological and environmental risk factors for substance use outcomes as a way of advancing nuanced conceptualizations of female drug problems. The current project intends to (1) explore various gene by environment (GxE) effects on drug use outcomes, by examining different monoamine genes (5HTT, DRD4, MAO-A) and incorporating gendered environmental risk factors that are not commonly included in studies of drug use (e.g., intimate partner violence), (2) examine the extent to which GxE effects or individual risk factors are specific to substance use outcomes in women relative to men, and (3) identify multivariate models involving GxE effects and mediators of these effects to predict substance use pathways in men and women. The goal is to examine not only GxE effects (e.g., gene-by-abuse, gene-by-IPV) that directly influence substance use outcomes, but identify potential mediators (pubertal development, internalizing symptoms) in an effort to understand nuanced pathways for female substance use. The ultimate goal is to help in the development of tailored interventions to address gender-specific manifestations and etiologies.

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越清楚的是，男性和女性的使用风险因素和停药轨迹可能存在显著差异（例如，Westermeyer和Boedicker，2000年）。例如，最近的工作已经揭示了单胺基因型的不同影响（例如，血清素转运体，MAO-A）对男性和女性精神病理学和行为的影响（Sjoberg等，2007 a; Verona，Joiner，约翰逊和本德，2006年）。此外，有证据表明，青春期开始，儿童期性虐待和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）构成了与男性相比女性反社会行为和药物使用的独特风险因素（Dick，Rose，Kaprio，& Viken，2000），并且可以预测女性成年后多年后的药物复发（Hyman，Garcia，& Sinha，2006）。因此，本申请的主要目标是识别物质使用结果的生物和环境风险因素的性别差异，作为推进女性药物问题的细微概念化的方式。目前的项目旨在（1）通过检查不同的单胺基因（5 HTT，DRD 4，MAO-A）并纳入通常不包括在药物使用研究中的性别环境风险因素（例如，亲密伴侣暴力），（2）检查GxE效应或个体风险因素对女性相对于男性的物质使用结果的特异性程度，以及（3）确定涉及GxE效应和这些效应的介质的多变量模型，以预测男性和女性的物质使用途径。目标是不仅检查GxE效应（例如，基因的滥用，基因的IPV），直接影响物质使用的结果，但确定潜在的介质（青春期发育，内化症状），努力了解女性物质使用的细微差别的途径。最终目标是帮助制定有针对性的干预措施，以解决针对不同性别的表现和病因。