Emotional and Cognitive risk factors for aggression

攻击行为的情绪和认知风险因素

• 批准号: 6679071
• 负责人: EDELYN VERONA
• 金额: $ 6.8万
• 依托单位: KENT STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6679071
• 关键词: aggression; angers; autogenic training; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; electrodes; emotions; environmental stressor; human subject; lifestyle; mood disorders; negative reinforcements; peer group; personality tests; psychological reinforcement; psychological stressor; questionnaires; self concept; social behavior disorders; socioeconomics; stimulus /response; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent nationally reported incidents of violence (Columbine, Atlanta) have suggested that negative emotional states arising from environmental stressors (e.g., peer rejection, financial difficulties) can prompt some individuals to act out violently against others not responsible for their distress. Self-report and experimental research has confirmed a general emotional priming of aggression (Berkowitz, 1990; Geen, 1990; Moyer, 1976; Rotton, 1979; Bell & Baron, 1976). Other research supports a relationship between negative emotional traits and reactive forms of aggressive behavior (Caprara et al., 1983; Netter, et al., 1998). Emphasis should be placed on examining cognitive-emotional interactions as mechanisms underlying risk for chronic aggression (Berkowitz, 1994). Preliminary evidence suggests that heightened aggression in stress-reactive individuals may result from the experience of prolonged periods of negative emotions (Verona, Patrick, & Lang, 2002) and the tendency to ruminate or experience recurrent negative thinking about past events (Caprara, et al., 1987; Rusting & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1998). The current project will examine the interacting impact of prolonged emotional and cognitive experiences on laboratory aggressive behavior (via a Buss paradigm) among individuals exhibiting varying levels of negative emotional traits. Simultaneous recording of on-going negative emotional state (indexed via acoustic startle reactivity), autonomic nervous system activity, and aggressive responses will occur during experimental task blocks including a high stress or low stress condition. Participants' autonomic responses will also be recorded during a post-task "recovery" period, and subsequently, aggressive responses will be gauged during a post-recovery final block. Self-report measures of rumination will also be administered. It is expected that highly stress-reactive persons will experience prolonged (tonic) negative emotional arousal when exposed to an on-going stressor, as well as for a period of time after the end of the stressor. It is hypothesized that the tendency to "hold on" to negative emotions and thoughts will be directly related to participants' concurrent (during experimental blocks) and subsequent (during the post-recovery block) aggressive responses toward a confederate.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近报道的暴力事件（亚特兰大哥伦布）表明，由环境压力源（例如，同伴拒绝，财务困难）引起的负面情绪状态可以促使某些人对不承担任何痛苦负责的其他人进行猛烈行动。自我报告和实验研究证实了侵略的一般情绪启动（Berkowitz，1990; Geen，1990; Moyer，1976; Rotton，1979; Bell＆Baron，1976）。其他研究支持负面情绪性状与反应性形式的侵略行为之间的关系（Caprara等，1983； Netter等，1998）。应重点放在检查认知情感相互作用作为慢性侵略风险的机制（Berkowitz，1994）。初步证据表明，压力反应性个体的侵略性提高可能是由于长期存在负面情绪时期的经历（Verona，Patrick，＆Lang，2002年），并且倾向于反复反复或经历对过去事件的反复思考（Caprara等人（Caprara等人，1987年）； Rusting＆Nolen-Hoeksema，1998年）。当前的项目将研究表现出不同水平的负面情绪特征的个体中长期情绪和认知经历对实验室攻击行为的相互作用（通过公共汽车范式）。同时记录正在进行的负面情绪状态（通过声音惊吓反应性索引），自主神经系统活动以及在实验任务障碍物（包括高应力或低应力状况）的过程中会发生积极反应。参与者的自主响应也将在任务后的“恢复”期间记录，随后，在恢复后的最终障碍期间将衡量积极的回应。自我报告的反省措施也将进行。可以预期，高度压力反应性的人会在暴露于持续的压力源以及压力结束后的一段时间内会经历长时间的（补品）负面情绪唤醒。假设“坚持”负面情绪和思想的趋势将直接与参与者的并发（在实验块中）以及随后（在恢复后块中）对同盟国的积极反应。