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Daily Experiences of School Bullying and Cyberbullying: Effects on Latino Youth

校园欺凌和网络欺凌的日常经历：对拉丁裔青少年的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8314517
负责人：
Guadalupe Espinoza
金额：
$ 3.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-01 至 2014-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): School bullying (e.g., name calling, physical threats) is a significant social and health concern associated with maladaptive mental health and academic outcomes (e.g., Juvonen, Graham, & Schuster, 2003; Juvonen, Wang, & Espinoza, 2011). With the growing use of electronic communication tools among adolescents, bullying encounters are no longer limited to the school grounds but are becoming increasingly more common online (i.e., via electronic communication), before and after school. Both school bullying and cyberbullying experiences are considerable sources of stress in adolescent's everyday lives and as such, these incidents are a significant public health concern. Due to the rapid increase of online communication use and as cyberbullying rates are escalating, it is important to examine the ways in which cyberbullying may (or may not) differ from school bullying. Two studies will examine the everyday school bullying and cyberbullying experiences of urban, Latino adolescents. Existing research on cyberbullying has predominately focused on White youth, thus, little is known about cyberbullying among ethnic minority youth. Yet, the gap in Internet use between Latino and White adolescents in particular, has declined considerably and Latinos are now more likely to connect online wirelessly (Livingston, Parker, & Fox, 2009). Moreover, given that Latino teens are at elevated risk of mental health problems such as depression and of performing poorly in school (e.g., Joiner et al., 2001, Kohler & Lazarin, 2007), it is important to know whether these negative peer experiences increase their risk for mental health and school problems. The proposed research will rely on daily diary methods that are rarely used in school bullying research and that remain unused in cyberbullying research. Daily methodology is described as a useful tool for "capturing life as it is lived" (Bolger, Davis, & Rafaeli, 2003) and allows for the examination of both individual-level and daily-level associations. The two studies will specifically test whether school bullying and cyberbullying experiences are related to mental health problems and compromised school adjustment. In addition, given that little is known about cyberbullying, this study aims to identify possible mediating and moderating mechanisms and will probe more deeply into specific conditions in which cyberbullying may be particularly consequential. A research training program has been designed that includes coursework (e.g., advanced multilevel modeling, mental health disparities, ethical research conduct), attendance of seminars and scientific conferences (e.g., American Public Health Association), individualized meetings with my co-Sponsors who are leading experts in bullying research and daily diary methods and unique opportunities such as attending quantitative training programs. This training program will ensure that the goals of the proposed research are executed successfully and in a timely manner. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Bullying incidents are a growing problem that adolescents are faced with both at school and online. School bullying and cyberbullying (i.e., bullying that occurs via electronic communication tools) experiences are a considerable source of stress in adolescents' everyday lives and as such, these incidents are a significant public health concern. The proposed research will extend past current research by examining how daily experiences with school bullying and cyberbullying are associated with Latino adolescent's mental health and school adjustment.

描述（由申请人提供）：学校欺凌（例如，辱骂，身体威胁）是与适应不良的心理健康和学术成果（例如，Juvonen，Graham，& Schuster，2003; Juvonen，Wang，& Espinoza，2011）.随着青少年越来越多地使用电子通信工具，欺凌事件不再局限于学校，而是在网上变得越来越普遍（即，通过电子通信），在学校之前和之后。校园欺凌和网络欺凌的经历是青少年日常生活中相当大的压力来源，因此，这些事件是一个重大的公共卫生问题。由于在线通信使用的快速增长和网络欺凌率不断上升，重要的是要检查网络欺凌可能（或可能不）不同于校园欺凌的方式。两项研究将研究城市拉丁裔青少年的日常校园欺凌和网络欺凌经历。现有的网络欺凌研究主要集中在白色青年，因此，对少数民族青年的网络欺凌知之甚少。然而，拉丁裔和白色青少年之间互联网使用的差距已经大大缩小，拉丁裔现在更有可能无线上网（利文斯顿，帕克和福克斯，2009年）。此外，鉴于拉丁裔青少年患抑郁症等心理健康问题的风险较高，而且在学校表现不佳（例如，Joiner等人，2001年，科勒和拉扎林，2007年），重要的是要知道这些消极的同伴经验是否会增加他们的心理健康和学校问题的风险。拟议的研究将依赖于日常日记的方法，很少使用在学校欺凌的研究和网络欺凌的研究仍然没有使用。日常方法被描述为一个有用的工具，用于“捕捉生活，因为它是生活”（博尔格，戴维斯和Rafaeli，2003），并允许检查个人层面和日常层面的协会。这两项研究将专门测试校园欺凌和网络欺凌的经历是否与心理健康问题和学校适应能力受损有关。此外，鉴于对网络欺凌知之甚少，本研究旨在确定可能的调解和调节机制，并将更深入地探讨网络欺凌可能特别重要的具体情况。已经设计了一个研究培训计划，其中包括课程（例如，高级多层次建模、心理健康差异、伦理研究行为），参加研讨会和科学会议（例如，美国公共卫生协会），与我的共同赞助商谁是欺凌研究和每日日记方法和独特的机会，如参加定量培训计划的领先专家个性化会议。该培训计划将确保拟议研究的目标得到成功和及时的执行。公共卫生相关性：欺凌事件是青少年在学校和网上面临的一个日益严重的问题。校园欺凌和网络欺凌（即，欺凌行为，通过电子通信工具）的经历是青少年日常生活中的一个相当大的压力来源，因此，这些事件是一个重大的公共卫生问题。拟议的研究将通过研究日常经历与学校欺凌和网络欺凌如何与拉丁美洲青少年的心理健康和学校适应相关联来扩展过去的研究。