Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention

芝加哥青少年暴力预防中心

• 批准号: 8330676
• 负责人: DEBORAH GORMAN-SMITH
• 金额: $ 107.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8330676
• 关键词: Chicago; Center; Youth; Violence; Prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application details a plan to implement a coordinated system of evidence-based violence prevention interventions within a single defined community in Chicago. The community to be served consists of nine census tracts from the Humboldt Park neighborhood of Chicago. This community is approximately 2.3 square miles (1475 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.5 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 37,027 persons living in the target community, 69.9% reported their ethnicity as African-American and 27.5% as Latino. Forty-eight percent live in female headed households and 44% of the neighborhood population reports having less than a high school education. The community is characterized by high rates of crime compared to other communities in Chicago. In 2009, the per capita rate for homicide was 45.1 per 100,000 residents, compared with 15.8 per 100,000 for the City of Chicago as a whole. Rates (per 100,000 ) were similarly elevated for shooting (133.6 vs. 64.6), aggravated assault (299.7 vs. 196.9) and aggravated battery (767.3 vs. 346.0). The comparison community consists of 12 census tracts from the North Lawndale and 4 tracts from the South Lawndale neighborhoods of Chicago. This community is approximately 1.55 square miles (1150 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.0 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 23,593 living in the comparison community, 73.5% were African American and 24.4% were Latino. Similar rates of homicide and violent crime were reported as compared with the Humboldt Park community that is targeted. Evidence-based interventions directed at risk factors at the community/neighborhood, school, relationship and individual levels will be delivered to both a universal and targeted population within the defined community. A sophisticated surveillance system combined with an unprecedented array of administrative data allow for assessment of multiple indicators of impact. Multiple analytic methods are used to evaluate impact. Training activities are coordinated across sites and academic disciplines. To ensure that results reach a larger and more varied audience affected by youth violence, our team will organize a regular series of meetings, policy briefings, and other policy-oriented events that bring together a community of scholars, policymakers, funders, and practitioners seeking to design, field, and rigorously evaluate evidence-based interventions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Center is a collaboration of three teams of violence prevention researchers committed to understanding and reducing youth violence within low-income inner-city communities. A coordinated set of activities including surveillance, risk modeling, and implementation and evaluation of a system of evidence-based interventions are outlined and coordinated with the social systems that have the most direct influence on youth at different stages of development - families, schools, community agencies, and justice. The findings from this set of activities will inform our understanding of risk and protection related to youth violence and effective interventions for reducing risk and harm to youth.

描述（由申请人提供）： 本申请详细介绍了在芝加哥一个确定的社区内实施循证暴力预防干预协调系统的计划。服务的社区包括芝加哥洪堡公园附近的九个人口普查区。这个社区约2.3平方英里（1475英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，环路以西约4.5英里。该社区包括非裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。根据2000年人口普查数据，有37 027人生活在目标社区，69.9%的人报告他们的种族是非洲裔美国人，27.5%是拉丁美洲人。48%的人生活在女性户主家庭中，44%的居民报告说，他们的教育程度不到高中。与芝加哥的其他社区相比，该社区的特点是犯罪率高。2009年，人均凶杀率为每10万居民45.1起，而整个芝加哥市为每10万居民15.8起。枪击（133.6比64.6）、严重殴打（299.7比196.9）和严重殴打（767.3比346.0）的发生率（每10万人）也同样升高。 比较社区由来自芝加哥北劳恩代尔的12个人口普查区和来自南劳恩代尔社区的4个人口普查区组成。这个社区约1.55平方英里（1150英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，环路以西约4.0英里。该社区包括非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。根据2000年的人口普查数据，有23，593人生活在比较社区，73.5%是非洲裔美国人，24.4%是拉丁美洲人。据报道，与洪堡公园社区相比，杀人和暴力犯罪的发生率相似。 针对社区/邻里、学校、关系和个人层面的风险因素的循证干预措施将提供给所界定社区内的普遍和目标人群。一个先进的监测系统加上一系列前所未有的行政数据，使人们能够评估多种影响指标。使用多种分析方法来评估影响。培训活动在各地点和各学科之间进行协调。为了确保结果达到更大，更多样化的受众受青年暴力的影响，我们的团队将组织一系列定期会议，政策简报会，以及其他政策导向的活动，汇集了学者，决策者，资助者和从业人员寻求设计，现场，并严格评估循证干预措施。 公共卫生关系： 该中心由三个预防暴力研究小组合作组成，致力于了解和减少低收入内城社区的青年暴力。一套协调的活动，包括监测，风险建模，并实施和评估一个系统的循证干预措施的概述和协调的社会系统，有最直接的影响青年在不同的发展阶段-家庭，学校，社区机构，司法。这一系列活动的结果将使我们了解与青年暴力有关的风险和保护，以及减少对青年的风险和伤害的有效干预措施。