Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention

芝加哥青少年暴力预防中心

• 批准号: 8330676
• 负责人: DEBORAH GORMAN-SMITH
• 金额: $ 107.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8330676
• 关键词: Chicago; Center; Youth; Violence; Prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application details a plan to implement a coordinated system of evidence-based violence prevention interventions within a single defined community in Chicago. The community to be served consists of nine census tracts from the Humboldt Park neighborhood of Chicago. This community is approximately 2.3 square miles (1475 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.5 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 37,027 persons living in the target community, 69.9% reported their ethnicity as African-American and 27.5% as Latino. Forty-eight percent live in female headed households and 44% of the neighborhood population reports having less than a high school education. The community is characterized by high rates of crime compared to other communities in Chicago. In 2009, the per capita rate for homicide was 45.1 per 100,000 residents, compared with 15.8 per 100,000 for the City of Chicago as a whole. Rates (per 100,000 ) were similarly elevated for shooting (133.6 vs. 64.6), aggravated assault (299.7 vs. 196.9) and aggravated battery (767.3 vs. 346.0). The comparison community consists of 12 census tracts from the North Lawndale and 4 tracts from the South Lawndale neighborhoods of Chicago. This community is approximately 1.55 square miles (1150 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.0 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 23,593 living in the comparison community, 73.5% were African American and 24.4% were Latino. Similar rates of homicide and violent crime were reported as compared with the Humboldt Park community that is targeted. Evidence-based interventions directed at risk factors at the community/neighborhood, school, relationship and individual levels will be delivered to both a universal and targeted population within the defined community. A sophisticated surveillance system combined with an unprecedented array of administrative data allow for assessment of multiple indicators of impact. Multiple analytic methods are used to evaluate impact. Training activities are coordinated across sites and academic disciplines. To ensure that results reach a larger and more varied audience affected by youth violence, our team will organize a regular series of meetings, policy briefings, and other policy-oriented events that bring together a community of scholars, policymakers, funders, and practitioners seeking to design, field, and rigorously evaluate evidence-based interventions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Center is a collaboration of three teams of violence prevention researchers committed to understanding and reducing youth violence within low-income inner-city communities. A coordinated set of activities including surveillance, risk modeling, and implementation and evaluation of a system of evidence-based interventions are outlined and coordinated with the social systems that have the most direct influence on youth at different stages of development - families, schools, community agencies, and justice. The findings from this set of activities will inform our understanding of risk and protection related to youth violence and effective interventions for reducing risk and harm to youth.

描述（由申请人提供）： 本申请详细介绍了一项计划，以在芝加哥的单个定义社区内实施协调的循证暴力预防干预措施系统。所服务的社区由芝加哥洪堡公园附近的9个人口普查区组成。该社区约为2.3平方英里（1475英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，距离环路以西约4.5英里。该社区包括非裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。从2000年的人口普查数据开始，目标社区中有37,027人居住，有69.9％的人报告了他们作为非裔美国人的种族，而27.5％的人则为拉丁裔。 48％的人居住在女性领导家庭中，有44％的邻里人口报告少于高中教育。与芝加哥其他社区相比，社区的特征是犯罪率很高。 2009年，凶杀案的人均率为每10万居民45.1，而整个芝加哥市为每10万人15.8。射击（133.6 vs. 64.6），加重攻击（299.7 vs. 196.9）和加重电池（767.3 vs. 346.0）的射击率（每100,000）同样提高（133.6 vs. 64.6）。 比较社区由北劳恩代尔（North Lawndale）的12块人口普查区和芝加哥南部Lawndale街区的4块组成。该社区约为1.55平方英里（1150英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，位于循环以西约4.0英里处。该社区包括非裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。从2000年的人口普查数据中，比较社区中有23,593人居住，非裔美国人为73.5％，拉丁裔为24.4％。与针对性的洪堡公园社区相比，据报道，凶杀案和暴力犯罪的发生率类似。 针对社区/社区，学校，关系和个人级别的风险因素的基于证据的干预措施将交付给定义社区内的普遍和有针对性的人群。复杂的监视系统与前所未有的管理数据相结合，可以评估多个影响指标。多种分析方法用于评估影响。培训活动在跨站点和学科之间进行协调。为了确保结果达到受青年暴力影响影响的更大，更多样化的受众，我们的团队将组织一系列定期的会议，政策简介和其他面向政策的活动，这些活动将学者，决策者，资助者和从业人员组成的社区聚集在一起，以设计，领域，并严格设计基于证据的干预措施。 公共卫生相关性： 该中心是三支预防暴力研究人员的合作，致力于理解和减少低收入内城社区中的青年暴力行为。概述和协调了一系列协调的活动，包括监视，风险建模以及对基于证据的干预措施的系统的实施和评估，并与社会体系对在不同阶段的年轻人（家庭，学校，社区机构和正义）中对青年产生最直接影响的社会系统进行了协调。这组活动中的发现将为我们了解与青年暴力有关的风险和保护，并有效地干预措施，以降低对青年的风险和伤害。