Prospective Study of Air Pollution and Psychiatric Disorders

空气污染与精神疾病的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 8243124
• 负责人: Marc G Weisskopf
• 金额: $ 22.79万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-20 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8243124
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Americas; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Back; Caliber; Cardiovascular system; Chest; Cohort Studies; County; Data; Dental crowns; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Elderly; Elderly woman; Environmental Pollution; Etiology; Europe; Exposure to; Female; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Grant; Health; Individual; Investigation; Life; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; Morbidity - disease rate; Nurses' Health Study; Outcome; Ozone; Participant; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Questionnaires; Registered nurse; Research; Resources; Risk Factors; Role; Source; Symptoms; Technology; Ultrafine; United States; Woman; Work; World Health Organization; air contaminant; base; clinically relevant; cohort; depressive symptoms; disability-adjusted life years; experience; improved; indexing; innovation; meetings; modifiable risk; nanoparticle; novel; older women; particle; particle exposure; prospective; residence; respiratory; statistics; trafficking; years lived with disability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our principle objective is to assess the association between long-term exposures to air pollution and psychiatric disorders-specifically depression and anxiety-in older women. The public health burden of psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety is tremendous. An estimated 1 in 4 individuals will experience an anxiety disorder during the lifetime making such disorders the most common psychiatric disorders in the United States. In 2000, depression ranked number one in terms of causes of Years Lived with Disability and ranked fourth among all causes of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) lost. Thus, improved understanding of the role of a modifiable risk factor for these conditions could have great health, and associated financial, benefits. Several lines of evidence suggest the likelihood of an association between air pollution and psychiatric disorders. In particular, there are well established cardiovascular effects of air pollution, and there is evidence that depression in the elderly may have a strong cardiovascular etiology. We propose a study within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), a large prospective cohort of women (121,700 female registered nurses followed since 1976). In this cohort, we have assessed depression and anxiety using well- established, validated scales (the Mental Health Index 5-item scale [MHI-5] and the Crown-Crisp index [CCI]). In addition, we have estimates of exposures to thoracic (PM10) and fine (PM2.5) particulate air pollution, traffic-related air pollution (largely ultrafine particulates-or nanoparticles), as well as gaseous components of air pollution such as SO2, NO2, CO, and ozone (O3). Thus, we have relevant data within a very large, US-wide cohort of elderly women with which to address the novel hypothesis that long-term exposure to air pollution is related to psychiatric disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The principal goal of this proposal is to determine whether long-term exposure to different aspects of air pollution are risk factors for depression and anxiety among elderly women throughout the US-a possible association suggested by several lines of evidence, but heretofore unexplored. We will take advantage of validated psychiatric health questionnaire data collected as part of the Nurses Health Study and state of the art Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based spatio-temporal models of individual exposures to particulate matter, traffic related particles, and gaseous air contaminants to explore this question. This work could open new avenues of research into a generally under-explored field-the possibility that environmental contaminants may contribute to psychiatric disturbances-and suggest possible modifiable risk factors for these conditions that have tremendous public health impact.

描述(由申请人提供)：我们的主要目标是评估长期暴露于空气污染与老年女性精神障碍--特别是抑郁和焦虑--之间的联系。抑郁症和焦虑症等精神疾病给公共卫生带来的负担是巨大的。据估计，每4个人中就有1个人会在一生中经历焦虑症，这使得焦虑症成为美国最常见的精神障碍。2000年，抑郁症在导致残疾的原因中排名第一，在失去的所有残疾调整寿命年(DALY)原因中排名第四。因此，更好地了解可改变的危险因素在这些疾病中的作用可能会带来巨大的健康和相关的经济利益。有几条证据表明，空气污染和精神障碍之间可能存在关联。特别是，空气污染对心血管的影响是公认的，而且有证据表明，老年人的抑郁症可能与心血管疾病有很强的相关性。我们建议在护士健康研究(NHS)中进行一项研究，这是一个庞大的女性前瞻性队列(自1976年以来跟踪调查了121,700名注册女护士)。在这个队列中，我们使用成熟的、经过验证的量表(精神健康指数5项量表[MHI-5]和皇冠-克里斯普指数[CCI])来评估抑郁和焦虑。此外，我们还估计了胸部(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)空气污染、与交通有关的空气污染(主要是超细颗粒物或纳米颗粒)以及空气污染的气态成分，如二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化碳和臭氧(臭氧)。因此，我们在一个非常大的全美老年女性队列中拥有相关数据，用来解决长期暴露在空气污染中与精神障碍有关的新假设。 与公共健康相关：这项提案的主要目标是确定长期暴露在不同方面的空气污染是否是全美老年女性抑郁和焦虑的风险因素--有几条证据表明这可能存在关联，但到目前为止还没有得到探索。我们将利用作为护士健康研究的一部分收集的经过验证的精神健康问卷数据，以及基于地理信息系统(GIS)的个人暴露于颗粒物、交通相关颗粒物和气态空气污染物的时空模型来探讨这个问题。这项工作可能会为一个普遍未被探索的领域--环境污染物可能导致精神障碍--开辟新的研究途径，并为这些对公共健康产生巨大影响的疾病提出可能的可改变的风险因素。