Malnutrition, Gut-Microbial Interactions and Mucosal Immunity to Vaccines

营养不良、肠道微生物相互作用和粘膜对疫苗的免疫

• 批准号: 8205242
• 负责人: JAMES W AIKEN
• 金额: $ 0.8万
• 依托单位: KEYSTONE SYMPOSIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-11-03 至 2012-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8205242
• 关键词: Affect; Automobile Driving; Businesses; Cessation of life; Child; Child Mortality; Country; Developing Countries; Development; Discipline; Disease; Drug Formulations; Enteral; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Foundations; Gastroenterologist; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Goals; Health; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Immunologist; India; Infection; Intervention; Intestines; Knowledge; Life; Linear Models; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Malnutrition; Metabolic; Microbe; Modeling; Mucosal Immunity; Nutrient; Nutritional status; Nutritionist; Organ; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Performance; Play; Population; Regulation; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Seminal; System; United Nations; Vaccines; base; global health; gut microbiota; immune function; immunogenicity; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; meetings; microbiome; microorganism; microorganism interaction; nutrition; pathogen; research and development; response; symposium; vaccine development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Malnutrition, Gut-Microbial Interactions and Mucosal Immunity to Vaccines, organized by Cecil Czerkinsky, Yasmine Belkaid and John Clemens. Venue details are still being finalized; this meeting will be held in India in November or December of 2011. Malnutrition is among the most devastating health conditions worldwide, affecting one of three children in developing countries and contributing more than ten million deaths annually. The relationship between nutrition and immunity has been a topic of study for more than five decades. Seminal developments in our understanding of the organization and regulation of the immune system have indicated a close relationship between host nutritional status and systemic immunity. However, surprisingly little is known regarding the impact of nutrition on the mucosal immune system of the digestive tract, a system that functions almost independently from the systemic immune apparatus. Recent research also suggests that the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota modulates intestinal barrier function and immune responsiveness (and vice-versa), and can be affected by specific nutrients or lack of these. This meeting will focus on understanding the role of nutrition in modulating gut immunity to vaccines in order to formulate strategies for improving the performance of enteric vaccines in malnourished children. The objective of this symposium is to formulate innovative hypotheses regarding specific mechanisms by which nutrients and defined microbiota affect gut immunity. A better understanding of the links between nutrients, the gut microbiome and the intestinal immune system is likely to pave the way to the development of innovative approaches that target activation of specific immunological pathways for promoting host's gut defense. Such knowledge should impact on the development of vaccine formulations and intervention strategies for improved control of enteric infections in developing countries. The Keystone Symposia meeting on Malnutrition, Gut-Microbial Interactions and Mucosal Immunity to Vaccines will benefit from a partnership with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), whereby the 2011 business meeting of the BMGF Grand Challenges in Global Health awardees will be held in conjunction with the Keystone Symposia meeting. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Undernutrition is among the most devastating health conditions worldwide, affecting one in three children in developing countries and linked to more than ten million deaths annually. The relationship between nutrition and immunityhas been a topic of study for more than five decades; however, surprisingly little is known regarding the impact of nutrition on the mucosal immune system of the digestive tract, a system that functions almost independently from the systemic immune apparatus and that is likely to play a key role in responses to many vaccines. The goal of the Keystone Symposia meeting on Malnutrition, Gut-Microbial Interactions and Mucosal Immunity to Vaccines is to formulate innovative hypotheses regarding specific mechanisms by which nutrients and the microorganisms that live in the gut affect gut immunity.

描述(由申请人提供)：本提案请求支持由Cecil Czerkinsky、Yasmine Belkaid和John Clemens组织的题为营养不良、肠道微生物相互作用和疫苗粘膜免疫的Keystone研讨会。地点细节仍在最后敲定；这次会议将于2011年11月或12月在印度举行。营养不良是全世界最具破坏性的健康状况之一，影响到发展中国家三分之一的儿童，每年造成1000多万人死亡。五十多年来，营养和免疫之间的关系一直是研究的主题。我们对免疫系统的组织和调节的了解取得了开创性的进展，表明宿主的营养状况和系统免疫之间存在密切的关系。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对营养对消化道粘膜免疫系统的影响知之甚少，该系统的功能几乎独立于全身免疫装置。最近的研究还表明，肠道微生物区系的组成和代谢活动调节肠道屏障功能和免疫反应(反之亦然)，并可能受到特定营养物质或缺乏这些的影响。本次会议将重点了解营养在调节肠道疫苗免疫中的作用，以制定改善营养不良儿童肠道疫苗效果的策略。本次研讨会的目的是就营养素和已定义的微生物区系影响肠道免疫的具体机制提出创新的假设。更好地了解营养物质、肠道微生物群和肠道免疫系统之间的联系，可能会为开发创新方法铺平道路，这些方法旨在激活特定的免疫途径，以促进宿主的肠道防御。这些知识应对发展中国家改进肠道感染控制的疫苗配方和干预战略的发展产生影响。关于营养不良、肠道微生物相互作用和疫苗粘膜免疫的Keystone研讨会会议将受益于与比尔和梅林达·盖茨基金会(BMGF)的合作伙伴关系，根据该伙伴关系，2011年BMGF全球卫生重大挑战获奖者的商业会议将与Keystone研讨会会议同时举行。 公共卫生相关性：营养不良是全世界最具破坏性的健康状况之一，影响到发展中国家三分之一的儿童，每年与1000多万人的死亡有关。50多年来，营养和免疫之间的关系一直是一个研究的主题；然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对营养对消化道粘膜免疫系统的影响知之甚少，该系统的功能几乎独立于全身免疫机构，并可能在许多疫苗的反应中发挥关键作用。关于营养不良、肠道微生物相互作用和疫苗粘膜免疫的Keystone研讨会会议的目标是就营养物质和肠道微生物影响肠道免疫的具体机制提出创新的假设。