Developmental Pathways to Substance Use Across European & Asian American Youth

描述（申请人提供）：作为美国发展最快的少数族裔群体之一，美国人的酗酒和吸毒越来越被认为是一个公共卫生问题。新兴的研究已经记录了与亚裔美国青年成年人饮酒相关的生物学、心理社会学和文化因素（Hendershot et al.，2005年）。然而，现有的研究既没有采用发展的视角来研究亚裔美国人在青春期后期出现的酒精使用和问题，也没有测试先前的研究结果是否可以概括为预测药物使用和问题。与此同时，来自另一项研究的证据表明，养育子女的效果在亚裔和欧裔美国青年中往往是不同的。例如，许多研究表明，专制的父母教养方式对亚裔美国青年有有益的影响，但对欧洲裔美国青年的学习成绩和社会情感能力等结果有不利的影响。随后的研究表明，父母的结构，如情感支持和心理控制，也可能对亚裔和欧裔美国青年产生不同的影响（例如，Chao和Tseng，2002年）。尽管有这些发现，但没有发表的研究记录了养育子女对亚裔和欧洲裔美国青年酗酒和吸毒的不同影响。因此，本研究的总体目标是研究在亚洲和欧洲裔美国青年的纵向样本中，种族对养育子女与酒精和药物使用结果之间的关联的调节作用。具体而言，拟议的研究将测试父母的情感支持，心理控制和监测是否对亚裔和欧洲裔美国青年的酒精和药物使用结果有不同的影响。数据将来自97亚裔美国人和255欧洲裔美国青年谁参加了发展途径项目。结构方程模型和因素分析技术将用于测试（1）父母的情感支持，心理控制，并在7年级的监测是否会差异预测酒精和药物使用的结果在9年级和12年级的亚洲和欧洲的美国青年;（2）从养育子女到酒精和药物使用的发展途径是否会产生结果（通过八年级的学校成绩和同伴物质使用）在亚裔和欧裔美国青年中是不同的;（3）是否可以将种族的假设调节效应归因于对父母教养的不同解释，如先前研究所建议的那样（例如，Chao & Aque，2009）。从拟议的研究结果可以用来指导发展文化敏感的预防和干预计划，酒精和药物的使用在亚裔美国青年。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As one of the fastest growing ethnic minority groups in the United States, alcohol and drug use in American Americans has increasingly been recognized as a public health problem. Emerging research has documented biological, psychosocial, and cultural factors that are associated with alcohol use in Asian American youth adults (Hendershot et al., 2005). However, existing studies have neither adopted a developmental perspective to study the emergence of alcohol use and problems in Asian American during late adolescence, nor have they tested whether prior findings can be generalized to predict drug use and problems. Concurrently, evidence from a separate line of research has suggested that effects of parenting are often different across Asian and European American youth. Numerous studies, for example, have suggested that authoritarian parenting style has beneficial effects in Asian American youth, but detrimental effects in European American youth on outcomes such as academic performance and socio-emotional competence. Subsequent research has indicated that parental constructs such as emotional support and psychological control may also have differential effects across Asian and European American youth (e.g., Chao & Tseng, 2002). Despite these findings, no published study has documented differential effects of parenting on alcohol and drug use across Asian and European American youth. Thus, the overarching goal of this study is to examine moderation effects by ethnicity on the association between parenting and alcohol and drug use outcomes in a longitudinal sample of Asian and European American youth. Specifically, the proposed study will test whether parental emotional support, psychological control and monitoring have differential effects on alcohol and drug use outcomes across Asian and European American youth. Data will be drawn from 97 Asian American and 255 European American youth who participated in the Developmental Pathway Project. Structural equation modeling and factor analysis techniques will be used to test (1) whether parental emotional support, psychological control, and monitoring in 7th grade will differentially predict alcohol and drug use outcomes in 9th and 12th grade across Asian and European American youth; (2) whether developmental pathways from parenting to alcohol and drug use outcomes (via school achievement and peer substance use in 8th grade) are different across Asian and European American youth; and (3) whether the hypothesized moderation effects by ethnicity can be attributed to different interpretation of parenting, as suggested by prior research (e.g., Chao & Aque, 2009). Results from the proposed study can be used to guide the development of culturally sensitive prevention and intervention programs for alcohol and drug use in Asian American youth.