Project 2: Pesticide Exposure Pathways

这项研究旨在将我们在中心队列社区的农药暴露研究整合到 华盛顿州亚基马山谷地区。这将把我们之前关于接触途径的研究联系起来， 在较小范围内进行单次喷洒事件：描述化学命运的农药喷雾漂移研究和 运输和接触评估研究，重点是住宅接触因素，副职业 暴露、人类活动模式、个人暴露和剂量估计。住在农村的孩子们 社区是一个脆弱的社区，有许多潜在的但尚未完全表征的暴露途径 除了传统的带回家的暴露途径外，他们还与喷洒杀虫剂有关， 饮食、饮用水和住宅杀虫剂的使用。我们研究的总体目标是了解 社区规模的暴露，涉及多种应用、作物、天气模式和人类活动 可能导致儿童在使用杀虫剂后出现非职业性接触。农药漂移和 我们将使用我们在我们的 以前的研究是从实际喷雾事件中提取现场样本。住宅特点和土地用途将进行评估 利用当前用于选择化学品的决策工具中的作物数据和农药使用信息 治疗。参与者的活动模式将使用GPS跟踪设备进行评估，该设备可以集成到 描述喷雾期间个人活动的时空数据集。使用这些身体和行为 暴露因素，这项研究试图确定儿童接触杀虫剂的决定因素 通过尿代谢物或其他生物标志物估计的接近途径。这项研究将带来创新 与农药喷雾漂移问题有关的暴露评估方法，并在这样做时确定 申请者、社区或父母干预的最佳机会。

This study is designed to integrate our pesticide exposure research across the Center cohort community within the Yakima Valley region of Washington. This will link our previous research on exposure pathways which has been conducted on a smaller scale with single spray events: pesticide spray drift studies describing chemical fate and transport, and exposure assessment studies, with emphasis on residential exposure factors, para-occupational exposures, human activity patterns, personal exposure and dose estimation. Children who live in agricultural communities are a vulnerable community having many potential yet not fully characterized exposures pathways related to their proximity to pesticide spraying in addition to the traditional pathways of take-home exposure, diet, drinking water, and residential pesticide use. The overall objective of our research is to understand how exposures at a community scale, involving multiple applications, crops, weather patterns, and human activities may contribute to non-occupational exposures of children following pesticide applications. Pesticide drift and dispersion will be evaluated using measurements and physical transport models we have benchmarked in our previous studies to field samples from actual spray events. Residential characteristics and land use will be assessed with crop data and pesticide application information from the current decision tools used for selecting chemical treatments. Participant's activity patterns will be assessed using a GPS tracking device that can be integrated into a spatial-temporal data set describing personal activity during spray episodes. Using these physical and behavioral exposure factors, this study seeks to identify the determinants of children's exposure to pesticides from the proximity pathway as estimated through urinary metabolites or other biomarkers. This study will bring innovative methods of exposure assessment to bear on the problem of pesticide spray drift, and in doing so will identify the best opportunities for applicator, community, or parental interventions.