Ex vivo analysis of irradiated finger and toe nails as a biodosimeter system Fla

达特茅斯大学U19 CMCR项目的目标是开发基于手指/脚趾甲（“指甲”）或牙齿中辐射诱导信号（RIS）的离体和体内电子顺磁共振（EPR）光谱测量的现场生物剂量学技术。在本项目（2）中，进一步开发了用于测量指甲的离体EPR方法，以实现现场部署应用。为了实现这一目标，已经定义了四个目标，即信号表征、样品处理和信号去卷积以去除干扰信号、测试方法的验证、有可能影响RIS信号变化的因素的识别和表征，以及建立适合于非专家操作员和ER管理员在现场条件下使用的数据采集、处理和输出方法。表征整个信号，光谱成分，并对未辐照和辐照指甲中EPR信号的分子基础进行系统的研究是重要的 致力于开发用于将辐射诱导信号与机械诱导信号（MIS）分离的方法。这些研究的某些方面将利用项目3的数据，该数据将提供无削波的髓内钉EPR谱，因此有助于更清楚地区分削波过程中信号的来源和性质。这组研究的结果是一组的RIS和MIS信号的光谱成分的基础，再加上衰减动力学的分离的组件信号，被集成到一个光谱去卷积程序提取的RIS组件信号的发展。 RIS和MIS信号的变异性将根据指甲含水量、人口统计学（即年龄、人种）、全身变量（妊娠、饮食/补充剂、指甲疾病）和真菌感染进行表征。 最后，描述了一种现场可用的样品获取方法，将样品放置在 光谱仪、用于确定剂量的分析软件以及在结果校准中需要考虑的因素（如果存在）的描述。虽然满足中心总体目标的可现场部署原型的建设将与达特茅斯的仪器核心合作进行，但该项目将制定在开发和建设中实施的方法。

The objectives ofthe Dartmouth University U19 CMCR program are to develop field biodosimetry techniques that are based on ex vivo and in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry measurements of a radiation-induced signal (RIS) in finger/toe nails ("nails") or teeth. In this project (2), the ex vivo EPR method for measuring nails is further developed towards a field deployable application. To achieve this goal, four objectives have been deflned that address signal characterization, sample treatment and signal deconvolution to remove interfering signals, validation of test methods, identification and characterization of factors that have the potential to impact the variability of the RIS signal, and establish methods for data acquisition, processing and output suitable for use by non-expert operators and ER managers under field conditions. Characterization ofthe overall signal, the spectral components and pursuing a systematic investigation of the molecular basis of the EPR signals in both unirradiated and irradiated nails is important towards developing approaches for separating the radiation-induced signal from a mechanically-induced signal (MIS). Some aspects of these studies will utilize the data from Project 3, which will provide EPR spectra of nails without clipping, and therefore help to differentiate more clearly the origin and nature of the signals from the clipping process. The result of this set of studies is the development of a basis set of spectral components ofthe RIS an MIS signals, coupled with the decay kinetics ofthe separate component signals that are integrated into a spectrum deconvolution procedure for extracting the RIS component signal. Variability in RIS and MIS signals are to be characterized with respect to nail water content, demographics (i.e. age, race), systemic variables (pregnancy, diet/supplements, nail disorders) and fungal infection. Finally, delineating a field-usable method for sample procurement, placement ofthe samples into the spectrometer, the analytic software to determine the dose, and delineation of factors that if present need to be considered in the calibration of the results. While the construction of a field-deployable prototype that meets the overall goals ofthe Center will be carried out in collaboration with the instrumental core at Dartmouth, this project will develop the methodology to be implemented in the development and construction.