Molecular and Soc. Determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in Youth

肥胖被认为是代谢综合征的基本组成部分，代谢综合征是一种促炎状态 以血脂异常、高血压、中心性肥胖和血糖升高的生物标志物为特征。科学家 倾向于只确定这种促炎状态的遗传和行为先兆。相反， 社会学家和心理学研究者发现了一个相似的结构，即稳态负荷，其特征也是 相似的生物标志物。不同的环境暴露于社会应激源，即稳态负荷可能会导致 与代谢综合征相关的促炎状态。挑战在于理解两者之间的联系 肥胖、新陈代谢和免疫异常以及社会压力之间的关系。成人的最新研究 表明在食用富含水果和蔬菜的地中海饮食后，脂联素含量增加。 因此，更多地获得新鲜水果和蔬菜可能有助于增加脂联素， 减少炎症，降低肥胖和代谢性疾病的风险。我们之前的横截面 研究承认，新陈代谢和促炎介质在青年时期之前过度表达 青春期。本研究建议对发育中的儿童进行前瞻性研究，以描绘肥胖的时间进程。 以及与促炎和抗炎标记物有关的代谢障碍。关联分子基础 肥胖是南方腹地的主要健康差距之一，与健康的社会决定因素有关，例如 母亲压力、邻里关系恶化、食物和体育活动环境及行为因素， 例如饮食和体力活动，承担了一项涉及一系列学科的复杂的、多维的努力。 因此，在一个多民族的健康青年队列中，我们建议：I.检查促炎和抗炎的关系 青春期前后肥胖及相关代谢生物标志物变化的单核苷酸多态性 并进一步确定炎症标志物在此期间变化的中介作用 期间，二.审查社会决定因素(压力、食物和体育活动环境)对 青春期前后肥胖、代谢健康和炎症的变化 种族、性别、母亲怀孕体重、母乳喂养持续时间、饮食和体力活动。

Obesity is recognized as the essential component of the metabolic syndrome, a pro-inflammatory state characterized by biomarkers of dyslipidemia, hypertension, central obesity, and elevated glucose. Scientists tend to identify only the genetic and behavioral antecedents of this pro-inflammatory state. Conversely, social and psychological researchers recognize a similar construct, allostatic load, also characterized by similar biomarkers. Differential environmental exposure to social stressors, i.e., allostatic load may lead to the pro-inflammatory state associated with metabolic syndrome . The challenge is to understand the link between obesity, metabolic and immunological abnormalities, and social stress. Recent research in adults indicates an increase in adiponectin after consumption of a Mediterranean diet high in fruits and vegetables. Consequently, greater access to fresh fruits and vegetables may contribute to increased adiponectin, reduced inflammation and a lower risk of obesity and metabolic disease. Our previous cross-sectional studies acknowledge that metabolic and pro-inflammatory mediators are over-expressed in youth prior to puberty. Prospective studies in developing children are proposed here to delineate the time course of obesity and metabolic dysfunction in relation to pro and anti-inflammatory markers. Correlating the molecular basis of obesity, one of the primary health disparities in the Deep South, with social determinants of health, e.g. maternal stress, neighborhood deterioration, food and physical activity environment and behavioral factors, e.g. diet and physical activity, assumes a complex, multidimensional effort involving a range of disciplines. Thus, in a multi-ethnic cohort of healthy youth we propose to; I. Examine the relationship of pro-and-antinflammatory SNPs with change in obesity and related metabolic biomarkers from pre-to-post-adolescence and further determine the mediating effect of the change in inflammatory markers during this same time period, II. Examine the contribution of social determinants (stress, food and physical activity environment) to the change in obesity, metabolic health and inflammation from pre-to-post adolescence after considering race, gender, maternal pregnancy weight, breastfeeding duration, diet and physical activity.