Neuroplasticity Technology for ADHD

ADHD 神经可塑性技术

• 批准号: 8393524
• 负责人: Wesley Charles Clapp
• 金额: $ 13.39万
• 依托单位: NEUROSCOUTING, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8393524
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Acute; Adult; Adverse effects; Amphetamines; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Awareness; Behavior Therapy; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Benchmarking; Brain; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Complement; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Educational Intervention; Electroencephalography; Evaluation; Fostering; Foundations; Functional disorder; Goals; Home environment; Hyperactive behavior; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Manufactured Baseball; Measures; Methods; Methylphenidate; Nature; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurosciences Research; Online Systems; Patients; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacological Treatment; Phase; Physiology; Plant Roots; Population; Psychological Transfer; Psychotherapy; Public Health; Reliance; Research; Research Proposals; Running; Schools; Site; Software Tools; Sports; Structure; Symptoms; System; Technology; Testing; Training; Validation; Video Games; Work; Youth; base; behavioral impairment; commercialization; design; executive function; improved; inattention; information processing; named group; neural circuit; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; non-drug; novel strategies; programs; psychostimulant; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; stem; tool; treatment strategy; visual motor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a paramount public health concern - impacting more than 7% of children and 5% of the population as a whole. Although pharmacological interventions (e.g. psychostimulants) remain the main treatment for ADHD, there has been growing awareness that these medications have detrimental short and long-term side effects on the developing brain. As a result, there is an increasing need for alternative intervention strategies that limit the reliance of young ADHD patients on medications and offer additional angles to improve the behavioral deficits at the core of ADHD symptoms. This Phase I research proposal investigates the feasibility of one exciting possibility: brain training video games that target the dysfunctional networks in the ADHD brain and harness the brain's inherent plasticity (i.e. malleability) to strengthen the functions at the root of ADHD symptoms. The distributed network of brain areas underpinning inhibitory control (IC) is the target system in this Phase I proposal. IC is the ability to flexibly cancel inapproprite actions and the neural systems responsible for these abilities are a focal site of disruption in ADHD. NeuroScouting LLC has already developed video games that assess the function of these IC systems (BrainAnalytics) and have also developed games that train this network to work more efficiently (NeuroEnhance). These games have been used with elite professional baseball players that deploy these brain systems at a near-optimal level on the field. The current proposal aims to take these tools and apply them to individuals that have compromised IC functions in ADHD. The basic structure of the research program is to conduct two experiments testing the feasibility of BrainAnalytics and NeuroEnhance tools within the ADHD population. At the core of our approach is the recognition that not all ADHD patients are the same and current strategies that employ generalized interventions across all individuals are simplifying the multi-dimensional nature of the disorder. NeuroScouting's BrainAnalytics games challenge target neural systems and adapt in response to each individual's performance to measure the current information processing capabilities of the brain. These measures provide information about the current individual's skill level and guide NeuroEnhance training so that it can efficiently induce brain plasticity using training around this individualized breakdown point. Independent benchmark tests and behavioral assessments will determine whether these brain training games generalize to situations in the 'real-world' when IC systems are called upon in school, at home, and beyond. This research will lay the groundwork for the development of a range of other web-based games that will provide young ADHD patients with transformative new options to bolster the neural systems impacted in ADHD. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The current proposal examines the feasibility of neuroplasticity-based video games as interventions in ADHD. These individualized brain training tools would offer patients a transformative new approach to improving the brain systems at the root of ADHD-related deficits. These software tools could complement current treatment strategies while reducing the reliance of patients on psychostimulants and other pharmacological treatments.

描述（由申请人提供）：注意力不足和多动症（ADHD）是最高的公共卫生问题 - 影响了7％以上的儿童和整个人口的5％。尽管药理学干预措施（例如，精神刺激剂）仍然是多动症的主要治疗方法，但人们越来越认识到这些药物对发育中的大脑有害短期和长期副作用。结果，越来越需要采取替代干预策略，这些策略限制了年轻的ADHD患者对药物的依赖，并提供了更多角度，以改善ADHD症状核心的行为缺陷。该阶段的研究建议调查了一种令人兴奋的可能性的可行性：针对ADHD大脑中功能失调网络的大脑训练视频游戏，并利用大脑固有的可塑性（即锻造性），以增强ADHD症状根部的功能。基于抑制性控制（IC）的大脑区域的分布式网络是该阶段I建议的目标系统。 IC是能够灵活地取消不符合符号的动作的能力，而负责这些能力的神经系统是ADHD中断的焦点部位。 Neuroscouting LLC已经开发了评估这些IC系统功能（brahanalytics）功能的视频游戏，并开发了训练该网络以更有效工作的游戏（Neuroenhance）。这些游戏已与精英职业棒球运动员一起使用，这些棒球运动员在场上近乎最佳地部署了这些大脑系统。当前的建议旨在采用这些工具，并将其应用于在多动症中损害IC功能的个人。研究计划的基本结构是进行两个实验，以测试ADHD种群中脑分析和神经元工具的可行性。我们方法的核心是认识到，并非所有的ADHD患者都是在所有个体中采用一般干预措施的当前策略，都在简化该疾病的多维性质。 Neuroscouting的Brainanalytics Games挑战了神经系统，并适应每个人的表现，以衡量大脑当前的信息处理能力。这些措施提供了有关当前个人技能水平的信息，并指导神经元训练，以便使用该个性化分解点围绕该个性化分解点有效地诱导大脑可塑性。独立的基准测试和行为评估将确定这些大脑训练游戏是否会在“现实世界”中的情况中推广到在学校，在家中及其他地区的IC系统时。这项研究将为开发一系列基于Web的游戏开发奠定基础，这些游戏将为年轻的ADHD患者提供变革性的新选择，以增强ADHD影响的神经系统。 公共卫生相关性：当前的提案研究了基于神经可塑性的视频游戏作为多动症的干预措施的可行性。这些个性化的脑训练工具将为患者提供一种变革性的新方法，以改善与ADHD相关缺陷的根源。这些软件工具可以补充当前的治疗策略，同时减少患者对精神刺激剂和其他药理治疗的依赖。