Individual differences in the substitutability of physical activity for smoking

体力活动替代吸烟的个体差异

• 批准号: 8113062
• 负责人: JANET E AUDRAIN-MCGOVERN
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-15 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8113062
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accounting; Acute; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Cigarette; Clinical Trials; Economics; Elderly; Future; Goals; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Measures; Moods; Music; Negative Reinforcements; Physical activity; Positive Reinforcements; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Rest; Rewards; Role; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Symptoms; Testing; Translating; Variant; Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom; Withholding Treatment; age group; base; behavioral pharmacology; craving; effective therapy; negative mood; novel; pleasure; positive mood; primary outcome; programs; psychologic; reinforcer; response; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; theories; treatment response; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite human laboratory evidence documenting the reductions in cigarette craving, withdrawal symptoms and negative mood after an acute bout of physical activity, the efficacy of physical activity as a treatment for smoking cessation remains unresolved. Rather than conclude that physical activity is a weak or ineffective smoking cessation treatment, we hypothesize that there may be individual differences in the response to physical activity that render it an effective smoking cessation treatment for some smokers, but not at all effective for others. Behavioral Economic Theory (BET) may help identify those smokers for whom physical activity will have the strongest beneficial effects on smoking behavior. BET suggests that the reinforcing value of one behavior can be enhanced, or reduced, based on the alternatives. A substitute reinforcer (e.g., physical activity) can reduce the reinforcing value of an alternative (e.g., smoking) thereby decreasing the use of that reinforcer. However, physical activity may not function as a substitute reinforcer for smoking for all smokers. The goal of the proposed study is to evaluate whether individual differences in the relative reinforcing value of physical activity (RRVPA) moderate the effects of physical activity on the primary outcomes of craving, withdrawal, negative mood, positive mood, affective valence, and smoking reinforcement following brief abstinence. Hypotheses will be tested using a within-subject, 2-session (physical activity vs rest), behavioral pharmacology paradigm. Young adult smokers (n=78), ages 18-26 years old, will be recruited as they have the highest smoking prevalence of any adult age group and are less likely to succeed at quitting smoking compared to older adults despite more quit attempts. We will also explore the role of physical activity liking on the primary outcomes, whether negative and/or positive reinforcement processes are important to the RRVPA, and the distinguishing features of substitutability. This study will increase our understanding of who may benefit most from physical activity as smoking cessation treatment component and translate to and help inform effective smoking cessation interventions for young adult smokers.

描述（由申请方提供）：尽管人类实验室证据记录了急性体力活动后吸烟渴望、戒断症状和消极情绪的减少，但体力活动作为戒烟治疗的有效性仍未得到解决。我们并没有得出结论说体力活动是一种弱或无效的戒烟治疗，而是假设对体力活动的反应可能存在个体差异，使其对某些吸烟者有效，但对其他人无效。行为经济学理论（BET）可能有助于确定哪些吸烟者的身体活动将对吸烟行为产生最大的有益影响。BET认为，一种行为的强化价值可以根据替代方案来增强或降低。一种替代替代品（例如，身体活动）可以降低替代物的强化值（例如，吸烟），从而减少该吸烟者的使用。然而，体力活动可能不能作为所有吸烟者吸烟的替代品。拟议的研究的目的是评估是否个体差异的相对增强值的体力活动（RRVPA）温和的影响，体力活动的主要结果的渴望，退缩，消极情绪，积极情绪，情感价，和吸烟强化后，短暂的禁欲。将使用受试者内、2个阶段（体力活动vs休息）、行为药理学范式对假设进行检验。将招募18-26岁的年轻成年吸烟者（n=78），因为他们在任何成年年龄组中的吸烟率最高，并且与老年人相比，尽管有更多的戒烟尝试，但成功戒烟的可能性较小。我们还将探讨身体活动喜欢的主要结果的作用，无论是消极和/或积极的强化过程是重要的RRVPA，以及替代性的显着特点。这项研究将增加我们对谁可能从作为戒烟治疗组成部分的身体活动中受益最多的理解，并转化为并帮助为年轻成年吸烟者提供有效的戒烟干预措施。