Effects of repetitive smoking imagery on cue-induced craving and smoking behavior

重复吸烟意象对提示诱发的渴望和吸烟行为的影响

• 批准号: 8636846
• 负责人: JANET E AUDRAIN-MCGOVERN
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636846
• 关键词: Abate; Abstinence; Accounting; Address; Affective; Age; Attenuated; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Cognitive; Consumption; Controlled Clinical Trials; Cues; Dependency; Desire for food; Emotional; Exposure to; Fostering; Future; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Heart Rate; Human; Imagery; In Vitro; Investigation; Laboratories; Lead; Memory; Modeling; Motivation; Outcome; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Physiological; Process; Psyche structure; Relapse; Research; Rewards; Simulate; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Source; Stimulus; Testing; Withdrawal Symptom; cigarette smoking; craving; cue reactivity; design; experience; hedonic; improved; in vivo; indexing; insight; mental imagery; negative mood; novel; novel strategies; positive mood; prevent; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; simulation; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; treatment strategy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The best available treatments do not prevent the majority of smokers from relapsing within a year of cessation. While background craving subsides with extended abstinence, smoking cue-induced craving can increase with abstinence and precipitate smoking relapse. It has been well documented that in vivo and in vitro smoking cue exposure in the laboratory sensitizes smokers to cigarettes (i.e., increases their cravings). To date, cue exposure has not involved the repetitive imaginal exposure that would normally be experienced when a smoker is actually smoking. Decades of research examining the overlap between perception and mental imagery, suggests that mentally simulating smoking a cigarette in a manner analogous to actually smoking should lead to habituation or a decrease in a smoker's motivation to smoke and hedonic response to a cigarette. In other words, performing the mental imagery that would accompany smoking should evoke the same response as actually smoking - habituation to cigarettes. Using a validated human laboratory model of smoking relapse, the proposed study will break new ground by determining whether repetitive mental simulation of smoking can engender habituation thereby reducing cravings, the reinforcing value of smoking, cigarette consumption, and the hedonic response to cigarette smoking (liking). These hypotheses will be tested in smokers (n=60) ages 18-55 years old using a 2 (Cue: Smoking, Neutral) x 2 (Imagery: Repetitive, Limited) within-subjects design. The order of the four conditions will be counterbalanced. We will explore whether repetitive imagery diminishes the impact of smoking cue exposure on heart rate and skin conductance (two physiological indices of cue-reactivity) and smoking intensity (CO boost). Whether affective mechanisms account, in part, for the effects of repetitive imagery on the outcomes will also be explored. By exploiting the overlap between perception and mental imagery, the proposed study will uncover a unique, counterintuitive and portable approach to immediately manage cue-induced craving without the contextual dependency of cue exposure therapy, the drug state dependency of medication, the cognitive expense of craving suppression and the cue avoidance of mainstay treatment strategies that may potentiate craving. If the hypotheses are supported, these findings would suggest that cognitive strategies that directly engage cue-induced craving through repetitive smoking imagery may be more effective than long- standing strategies. Identification of novel strategies that can be easily implemented after cue exposure to alter craving and smoking behavior may decrease the likelihood of smoking lapse and relapse.

描述（由申请人提供）：最好的治疗方法不能防止大多数吸烟者在戒烟一年内复发。虽然背景渴望随着戒烟时间的延长而消退，但吸烟线索诱导的渴望可以随着戒烟而增加，并加速吸烟复发。已经充分证明，在实验室中的体内和体外吸烟提示暴露使吸烟者对香烟敏感（即，增加他们的欲望）。到目前为止，线索暴露还没有涉及重复的想象暴露，这通常是吸烟者实际吸烟时所经历的。几十年来，研究人员对感知和心理意象之间的重叠进行了研究，结果表明，在心理上模拟吸烟的方式与实际吸烟类似，应该会导致习惯化或降低吸烟者的吸烟动机和对香烟的享乐反应。换句话说，伴随着吸烟而产生的心理意象应该会引起与实际吸烟相同的反应--对香烟的习惯化。使用一个经过验证的吸烟复发的人类实验室模型，拟议的研究将通过确定重复的吸烟心理模拟是否可以产生习惯，从而减少吸烟的渴望，吸烟的强化价值，香烟消费和对吸烟的享乐反应（喜欢）来开辟新天地。将使用2（提示：吸烟，中性）x 2（图像：重复，有限）受试者内设计在18-55岁的吸烟者（n=60）中检验这些假设。这四个条件的顺序将被平衡。我们将探讨是否重复图像减少吸烟提示暴露对心率和皮肤电导（两个生理指标的线索反应）和吸烟强度（CO升压）的影响。是否情感机制帐户，在一定程度上，对结果的重复图像的影响也将进行探讨。通过利用感知和心理意象之间的重叠，拟议的研究将揭示一个独特的，违反直觉的和便携式的方法来立即管理线索诱导的渴望没有上下文依赖的线索暴露疗法，药物依赖的药物状态，认知费用的渴望抑制和线索回避的主要治疗策略，可能会加强渴望。如果假设得到支持，这些发现将表明，通过重复吸烟意象直接参与线索诱导的渴望的认知策略可能比长期策略更有效。识别新的策略，可以很容易地实施后，线索暴露，以改变渴望和吸烟行为可能会减少吸烟的可能性和复发。